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Of our three eastern Catharineae, all occur in the county. C. augustata 
is much more common than C. undulata, while in England the reverse is the 
case. 
Dixon says that the two are separated “by a combination of characters 
rather than by any one clearly-defined character.” 
C. augustata chooses drier ground, and usually fruits abundantly, while 
C. undulata prefers to grow in big cushions along the edges of shady 
swamps or streams, and does not fruit as freely as the former. Then, C. 
augustata usually has more or less dark red about it, particularly about the 
fruit, and the leaves are of an olive-green, while C. undulata has fruit of a 
brown ochre, and clear green leaves (about Hooker’s green No. i). 
No. 5 of the writer’s specimens are male plants of C. undulata , or rather 
the first flowering of the young plants, as the species is paroicous. They 
were collected in June ; the antheridia are full-grown, but still immature. The 
perigonial bracts resemble the leaves of Hylocomium brevirostre in size 
and shape, they have five lamellae, like the leaves. 
No. 199 approaches C. imdulata v. minor W. & M. It grew on an old 
stump, but is good C. undulata. The plants are less than 1 cm. high, 
lamellae 5, capsules brown, erect, 2-3 mm. long, seta 2-2.5 cm. 
Catharinea crisp a, while probably common along the Sound shore, is 
not so inland. East Hartford, collected Mr. C. A. Weatherby, is, according 
to Mr. Collins, the first station reported from the State, but it is undoubtedly 
overlooked, or not reported from other places. 
East Hartford has the very sandy soil which C. crispa requires, and it 
has been found in two quite different parts of the township, in big patches 
beside brooks in the woods. Dixon says that the plants are frequently 
buried up to the tops of the stem in sand, which is the case with the plants 
at the School St. station. He further gives its habitat as “ sides and beds of 
rocky streams, among grass or in sand.” Dr. Grout says, “Common in 
swamps along the south shore of Long Island.” 
The East Hartford stations are in the woods, on sandy banks of streams, 
but not in swamps, nor is there a rock larger than a drift pebble in East 
Hartford. Sterile C. crispa can easily betaken for Mniumhornum, which 
is more than likely to be its next neighbor on the bank where found, 
but lamellae can be demonstrated with a little care, although they are few, 
1-4, and more or less inconspicuous. 
The capsules mature slightly later than those of the other species, they 
are dark olive instead of dark red. 
These data apply to the typical forms, rather than the abnormal ones, 
caused by variations in climate or habitat. 
List of Specimens. 
C\ augustata Brid. 
No. 1. Collected, Hartford, 96 Garden street, Oct. 15, 1901. 
No. 181. Collected, W. Hartford, Nov. 4, 1906. 600 ft. On trap ledge, 
in ravine above Reservoir 3. 
