84 
THE VOYAGE OE H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
skeleton, 88 mm. The breadth of the scapulae in the same person was more frequently 
the same, or nearly the same, than was the length. The maximum infraspinous length 
was 130 mm. in the Queensland specimen, and the minimum was 102 mm. in the Eucla 
scapulae. As a rule, the scapulae were somewhat smaller that in male Europeans, for the 
mean length was 154 - 5 mm., the mean breadth was 97'3 mm., and the mean infraspinous 
length was 1 1 3 *6 mm. The mean scapular index was 63, and the range was from 57 to 
69‘9 ; the mean infraspinous index was 87, and the range was from 74 to 101. In the 
two Australian males measured by M. Li von the mean scapular index was 63, and the 
mean infraspinous index was 86. In the twelve Australian scapulae measured by Messrs. 
Flower and Garson the mean scapular index was 6 8 '9 and the mean infraspinous index 
was 92 - 5. In their specimens these indices were materially higher than in M. Livon’s 
;i nd in mine, and a comparison of the two series showed this peculiarity, that whilst in theirs 
the scapular and infraspinous indices were higher than in Europeans, in mine they were 
distinctly below the European standard. My specimens and those of M. Livon were all 
males. It is possible that a majority of those measured by Flower and Garson may have 
been females, and if in the Australians the females have, as is the case in Europeans, higher 
indices than in the males, then the discrepancies in our respective measurements may be 
accounted for. Six Tasmanian scapulae measured by the last-named anatomists had a 
mean scapular index, 60 ‘3, and a mean infraspinous index, 81 '4. 
African Blacks . — In my Bush skeleton the right scapula was 133 mm., the left 137 
mm. long, whilst their respective breadths were 96 and 95 mm. The scapular index in 
the one bone was 72, in the other 69, and the mean was 70 - 5. In the female measured 
by M. Livon the mean scapular index was 61 '6, whilst Flower and Garson obtained a 
mean of 66 '7 from six scapulse. The two scapulae in my skeleton yielded a mean infra- 
spinous index of 102'5, those of Flower and Garson a mean of 90'7, and those of Livon only 
76. In a Hottentot measured by M. Livon the mean scapular index of the two bones 
was 60, and the mean infraspinous index was 82. In four Negro skeletons, which I 
measured, the scapular index ranged from 63 to 78 ’9, and the mean of the eight bones 
was 70; in two Negresses the range was from 57 to 81, and the mean of the four 
bones was 68’5. In twenty-nine Negros measured by M. Livon the mean was 69, and 
in eight Negresses it was 71; in Broca’s series of twenty-five skeletons, which may also 
have been included in Livon’s measurements, the mean scapular index was 68 ; in six 
scapulae measured by Flower and Garson the mean was 71 ’7. The infraspinous index in 
my specimens ranged from 80 to 115 in the Negresses, the mean being 97, and from 97 
to 117 in the Negros, the mean being 105. In M. Broca’s series of skeletons the mean 
index was only 93'8, in M. Livon’s it was 96 both for the men and the women, and in 
Messrs. Flower and Garson’s series it was 100 ’9. 
Andaman Islanders and Negritos . — In three Andaman Islanders I found the scapular 
index to range from 66 to 75‘8, with a mean of 70’6, which is almost in accordance with 
