328 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
The mantle is fairly muscular, and is in some cases pigmented. Transverse, longi- 
tudinal, and oblique muscle bands are usually present. 
The branchial sac is large and well developed. Longitudinal folds are present in 
Goodsiria placenta, in some cases rudimentary in Goodsiria placenta, var. fusca, and 
altogether absent in Goodsiria pedunculata and Goodsiria coccinea. These folds are 
singularly like those of some of the Styelinse amongst the Ascidise Simplices. 
The internal longitudinal bars of the branchial sac are always strong and conspicuous 
in the genus, but the transverse vessels and the stigmata vary very considerably in size 
in the different species. The tentacles are always numerous and well developed. 
Languets are never present on the dorsal lamina. 
The polycarps may project freely from the mantle or be deeply buried in its substance. 
They are hermaphrodite in Goodsiria placenta and Goodsiria coccinea, and unisexual 
in Goodsiria pedunculata. Young Ascidiozooids are probably produced in the dilated 
ends of the vessels in the test, but I have not been able to find any buds. 
The genus may be divided in the following manner : — 
Goodsiria. 
Branchial sac folded. 
Colony disc-shaped. 
I 
G. placenta and 
G. placenta, var. fusca. 
Branchial sac not folded. 
Colony not disc-shaped. 
Colony rounded 
or pyriform, 
pedunculate^ 
I 
G. pedunculata. 
Colony elongated 
or irregular, 
sessile. 
G. coccinea. 
Goodsiria coccinea is an old species, the others are new to science. This genus has 
only been found off the southern ends of Africa and South America. 
Goodsiria placenta, n. sp. (PI. XLIII. figs. 1-10; PI. XLIV. figs. 4, 8-10). 
The Colony is a large discoid mass attached by a short peduncle which projects from 
one edge. It is rudely circular in outline. The edge opposite to the peduncle is the 
thinner. The two sides are nearly equally flattened. The surface is not quite even and 
is slightly roughened. The colour is a pale grey with a slightly pinkish tint in some 
places. The peduncle is dark brown. 
The total length is about 7 cm., the breadth is about 8 cm., the thickness is from 
2 to 3 cm., and the length of the stalk is from 2 to 3 cm. 
TJlc Ascidiozooids are large and fairly numerous. They are evenly distributed over 
tlie surface of the colony, where their anterior ends show as slightly darker areas of 
