174 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
Habitat. — Japan; depth, 8 to 14 fathoms; one specimen. 
Like many other Holothnrians kept in alcohol, the body is very much contracted 
and wrinkled, its true size and shape being almost impossible to discern. For this reason 
I cannot state whether the pedicels are arranged in three longitudinal series or distributed 
without order. Even the position of the dorsal warts and papillae is not fully known, 
though I have observed that the warts which carry papillae are situated mainly on 
or in the neighbourhood of the dorsal ambulacra as well as on the sides of the body. 
Numerous papillae are situated between the warts on the ambulacra as well as inter- 
ambulacra. The warts are always very low though with a broad base. The calcareous 
ring is of the usual form, almost like that in Holothuria decorata, von Marenzeller. 
A single Polian vesicle, 27 mm. long, is present. On the left side of the dorsal mesentery 
is a single madreporic canal, on the right side three, all with the free ends enlarged and 
pear-shaped. 
The tables (PL VIII. fig. 8, a, h) as well as the buttons (PI. VIII. fig. 8, c) closely 
resemble those in the above-named species described by von Marenzeller, but I never 
found more than one transverse beam in the spire of the tables, while Holothuria 
decorata has tables partly with a shorter spire and one transverse beam and partly with 
a larger spire and as many as three beams. The disks of the tables, which measure about 
0‘08 mm. in diameter, usually possess a simple series of holes surrounding the central 
large hole, and I only once observed a disk with more holes round the margin. The 
buttons sometimes present themselves under a more unusual shape as will be seen from 
the figures; the larger ones have a length of OT mm. The pedicels carry, besides the 
perforated rods (PL VIII. fig. 8, d), more .or less completely developed tables and buttons. 
There is no doubt that the animal in question is related to Holothuria decorata as 
well as to Holothuria monacaria, Lesson, and, though I cannot be sure of the position of 
the pedicels and processes, it probably belongs to Stichopodes of Semper. 
Holothuria africana, n. sp. (PL VIII. fig. 7). 
Body cylindrical, equally rounded at each extremity or slightly more tapering pos- 
teriorly. Mouth closed and ventral in position. Tentacles twenty (?), completely with- 
drawn into the body. Anus rounded. Ambulacra! appendages minute, scattered without 
order all over the body, the dorsal ones slightly smaller than the ventral, and presenting 
themselves, as it seems, under two difierent forms, some being more conical, papilla-like 
and without any very marked sucking-disk, others, on the contrary, having a cylindrical 
form with a more distinct sucking-disk and approaching true pedicels in general appear- 
ance. All the ventral ambulacral appendages are true pedicels with well-defined 
sucking-disks, and seem to be slightly more crowded. Body- wall very thick and inflexible, 
probably the result of strong contraction in alcohol. Deposits of two kinds — tables and 
