266 
THE Ye Y AGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
Cuoumaria sykioii {Semperia), Lampert, 1885. 
Ventral surface with pedicels oiily on the ambulacra, placed in four or five irregular 
rows on each. Dorsal surface with pedicels on the ambulacra as weU as on 
the interambulacra, though those on the latter are smaller. Deposits like those 
in Cucumaria dubiosa, Semper. Calcareous ring devoid of bifurcate prolonga- 
tions posteriorly. 
Habitat. — Algoa Bay (Lampert). 
This species must be very nearly related to Cummaria dubiosa and Cucumaria 
kdlliheri, but is distinguished from them principally by the arrangement of 
the pedicels. 
' The genus -Semperia, founded by Lampert, comprises all forms of Cucumarise which 
have two or more rows of pedicels on the ambulacra, and also scattered ones on 
all the interambulacra, or on some of them. He retains the old name of the 
genus for all those species which have the pedicels arranged in two or more 
rows on the ambulacra alone. For my own part, I cannot understand the 
-necessity of this separation, considering the very natural affinity between all or 
most of the species in question. Besides, it is the fact that a good many of 
those forms which would be referred to “ Semperia,” when they are young are 
provided with pedicels only on the ambulacra. 
.As is known. Semper grouped the dendrochirotous Holothurians under the three sub- 
families, Stichopoda, Gastropoda, and Sporadipoda, according to the arrangement 
of the pedicels. Bell, in his paper on Amphicydus, in 1884, gave particular 
cattention to the position and number of the tentacles in the Dendrochirotes, and 
proposed the name “ polychirote Dendrochirotae ” for those forms which have more 
• than ten tentacles, and “ decachirote Dendrochirotae ” for those with only ten 
■ tentacles. The views of Bell were recently adopted and further explained by 
Lampert, who places the dendrochirotous Holothurians under the two new 
subfamilies of “ Decachirotae ” and “ Polychirotae,” according as the tentacles 
are ten or more than ten ; moreover, he divides the latter subfamily into two 
groups, “ Monqcyclia ” and “ Amphicyclia,” according as the tentacles form a 
■ single or a .double crowu. I refrain from.Qffering apy opinion on the validity 
of this division, which in several respects, it must be confessed, seems to be 
better than that of Semper, but in others, especially from the view of natural 
relationship, can scarcely be satisfactory. 
Cucumaria cognita {Semperia), Lampert, 1885. 
Body tapered towards each extremity. Pedicels arranged in a double row along each 
ambulacrum, and also scattered oyer all the interambulacra at the swollen 
middle portion of the body. Towards the extremities of the body, where the 
interambulacra are naked, the pedicels become transformed into small, conical, 
white, rough papilliE ; terminal plates absent. Deposits — elongated, smooth plates 
of a somewhat asymmetrical appearance, perforated with one or two irregular 
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