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CUBRANS’ USX OF FRUITS, 1909-10. 
Brief Notes on Fruit Culture. 
>-*• < 
LAND PREPARATION. 
OO much attention cannot be given to this important matter, 
and unless properly attended to success cannot be the result. 
Where it is proposed to plant largely, we would suggest a 
shallow trench, thoroughly breaking up the surface and 
crossing to the depth of about six inches, and finally stirring 
to the depth of a foot or fifteen inches. By this method the subsoil is not 
brought to the surface. 
The work may be done by a horse-plough. Turn up the land eight 
to ten inches deep, and follow with a subsoil plough. When manual labour 
is employed, a trench I £ feet deep is sufficient, keeping the surface soil on 
the surface, merely breaking up the subsoil. 
PLANTING. 
The season for planting commences in Autumn (should climatic- 
influence be favourable), and continues till March. If the season is favour- 
able, it might even be extended to early April. We advise commencing as 
soon as possible in the early Autumn. In the case of Fruit Trees, great 
care should be taken not to bury the roots too deeply. It is a mistake too 
often made, and consequently a drawback to the success of the tree. A 
good rule may be adopted by planting up to the mark on the stem where 
grown in the nursery, generally about four or five inches deep. 
Assuming that the ground has been properly prepared, a hole should 
be dug out as near as possible three feet square by two to two and a half 
feet deep, the roots carefully spread out before filling in the loam, which 
should be firmly pressed around the roots ; and, in the case of Standards, 
a stout stake should be used, and the tree securely fastened. If planted 
on grass land, cut up the top turf, and well mix with the subsoil. 
DISTANCES. 
Standards we advise being planted 24 to 25 feet apart. This distance 
is now recognised as being the most satisfactory, especially where the fruit 
is to be grown for market, because the distances between allows such 
small fruits as Gooseberries, Currants, Strawberries, etc., to be grown 
between the rows, which at once begin to give a return. 
