52 
About an acre of the surface of the limestone is at' present 
exposed, having been cleared of from 6 to 8 feet of the till 
or boulder clay which covered it. This clay is of the cha- 
racter well known to us in the neighbourhood of Manchester, 
having boulders of porphyry, granite, greenstone, clay slate, 
and the other well known characteristics of the drift, and is 
believed by the writer to have had the same or a similar 
origin, viz., from the mountains above Favenglass, near 
Wastwater and Devoke Water. 
The easterly side of this large limestone surface bears a 
striking resemblance to the tops of some of the Yorkshire 
hills — such as the Moughton Fell, the flanks of Ingle- 
borough, or the mountain limestone summits near Grange 
in Cartmel — being deeply fissured in every direction. On 
these fissures being emptied of the till by which they have 
been filled, they are found to contain the roots of ferns or 
other mountain plants still attached to the crevices of the 
rocks, just as we see similar clefts abounding in plants on 
our mountain tops in this day. 
About half the area is thus fissured, and when the cre- 
vices are not filled with till they are found to contain 
hematite ore. Most of them have, however, been much 
waterworn, being undercut and hollowed out into basins 
and arches of every form. Passing westwards across the 
cleared surface, we come to a most marked illustration of 
glacial action. The projecting masses have all been cut 
away, and the surface, for some half acre in extent, planed 
smooth by ice, the floor being evenly cut into long undula- 
tions, deeply scratched in long clearly marked striations. 
The markings run nearly S. to N., and as the boulders are 
of greenstone, porphyry, granite, syenite, and clay slate, of 
