83 
whorls at each node of the stem. The same arrangement 
was observed by me in the first specimens from Ewood 
Bridge which came under my observation. Now, although 
that appears to have been the more common form of attach- 
ment of the cones to the stem, there is undoubted evidence 
that some of these organs occurred at the extremity of the 
branches ornamented with whorls of leaves at their nodes, 
as is seen in the fructification of the common Equisetum. 
The number of receptacles or cells containing sporangia 
in the first specimens I met with were 8 to 9 in nnmber, 
but I have since found individuals with 15 to 17, shewing 
therefore that the Ewood Bridge specimens have a greater 
resemblance to Ludwig and Geoppert’s than could be then 
proved. 
The cones, whether proceeding from the nodes of the stem 
in whorls, or at the end of the branches, have at their bases 
delicate leaves ( Aster ophy Hites). The stem of the branch 
to which the cone is attached in the last named specimen 
is remarkably slight for the size of the cone, a character 
which appears very common with regard to the organs of 
fructification of coal plants at the end of branches. Of 
course, the axis of the cone is only a prolongation of the 
stem of the plant. In the Ewood Bridge specimens as yet 
no evidence has been obtained as to the spores contained 
in their sporangia to identify them with the cones of Cala- 
modendron commune ; but as to their external characters, 
the one very much resembles the other, and although found 
in different localities, the fossils occupy about the same 
geological position in the Lancashire Coal Field. One thing 
appears pretty certain, namely, that these small cones are 
the organs of fructification of Catamites of some kind, and 
at present my observations lead me to the conclusion that 
they are the organs of fructification of the Calamodendron 
commune , or a plant very nearly allied to it, and having a 
similar structure. They do not afford us any information 
