i6 
J. G. ANDERSSON, 
(Schwed. Südpolar-Exp. 
sils except plant-remains were noticed at Bull Cove and Seal Cove either. Because of the 
horizontal position of the strata in the peninsula it could be suggested that these 
beds are younger than the folding that has affected the Devonian beds in the 
northern part of East Falkland. But there are some facts which ought to be men- 
tioned in favour of another explanation: on Speedwell I. and at Bull Cove — localities 
situated at the southern part of the peninsula — the beds are horizontal, at Seal 
Cove — farther north — the dip is 4° S. and at Port Darwin and Camilla Creek — 
on the isthmus connecting the peninsula with the main island — the strata dip still 
steeper 12 — I5°S. 25° — 40° E. Thus the beds seem to turn from a horizontal to a 
more and more inclined position as from the south we approach the large folding- 
range, the Wickham Heights. If such is really the case, the folding may be 
considered as older than the strata of the peninsula, that is situated for the most 
part outside the folded region.' 
The stone-rivers. 
»In many parts of the island, the bottoms of the valleys are covered in an 
extraordinary manner, by myriads of great angular fragments of the quartz rock. 
These have been mentioned with surprise by every voyager since the time of Per- 
NETY. The whole may be called ‘a stream of stones’. The blocks vary in size, 
from that of a man’s chest to ten or twenty times as large, and occasionally they 
altogether exceed such measures. Their edges show no signs of being waterworn, 
but are only a little blunted. They do not occur thrown together in irregular piles, 
but are spread out into level sheets, or great streams. It is not possible to ascer- 
tain their thickness, but the water of small streamlets could be heard trickling 
through the stones many feet below the surface. The actual depth is probably 
much greater, because the crevices between the lower fragments must long ago have 
been filled up with sand, and the bed of the rivulet thus raised. The width of 
these beds varies from a few hundred feet to a mile; but the peaty soil daily en- 
croaches on the borders, and even forms islets wherever a few fragments happen to 
lie close together. In a valley south of Berkeley Sound, which some of our party 
called the ‘great valley of fragments’, it was necessary to cross an uninterrupted band 
half a mile wide, by jumping from one pointed stone to another. So large were 
the fragments, that being overtaken by a shower of rain, I readily found good 
shelter beneath one of them. 
' On the other hand it ought to be remarked that the strike of the strata at Port Darwin, W. 25 to 
40’ S. — E. 25 to 40° N., is not in accordance with the direction of the folding range that is in the 
westernmost part of Pi. Falkland WNW. — ESE. 
