Bd. III: 14) 
THE MESOZOIC FLORA. 
lOI 
bility be regarded as not older than Middle Jura.ssic, and it may be added that the 
Antarctic flora appears to be, if anything, more closely allied to the next higher 
Kach-Jabalpur flora than to the older Rajmahal flora. Of the three identical species 
in the Rajmahal flora, two are found also in the higher groups, and only the re- 
maining one, Coniopteris? lobata^ need be regarded as indicating an older age than 
Middle Jurassic. An important, though negative, character which is common to the 
Indian Upper Gondwana floras and the flora of Hope Bay is the apparent absence 
of the Ginkgoales- It is true that no great importance should be attached to a 
negative character, but in view of the extensive collections studied of the Indian 
Gondwana floras and the great number of both species and individuals brought home 
by Professor Andersson from Hope Bay, it should not be looked over. The genus 
Podozamitcs also, which is absent in the Hope Bay flora, appears to be very rare 
in India, the material being poor and somewhat unsatisfactory. 
The Hope Bay flora shows some resemblance to the above mentioned floras of 
California and Oregon, which, though containing some elements common to the 
Rhastic and the Liassic and also to the Rajmahal flora, are nevertheless regarded as 
being of Middle Jurassic age. The following Hope Bay species are represented also 
in these American floras: 
Co 7 iiopteris Jiymenophylloides (Brgn.) Sphcnopteris {Rnffoi'dia ?) Goeppei'ti DuNK. 
Cladophlebis deuticulata (Brgn.) Sagenoptcris paitcifolia (PllILL.) 
Splienolcpidiiutir oi'cgonense FONT. 
Of these forms Splienopteris Goeppa'ti is characteristic of the Wealden, and the 
determination of the American form is rather doubtful. Conioptej'is hymoiophylloides 
and Cladophlebis deuticulata are widely distributed in Middle Jurassic rocks and 
are, as Sagenopteris paucifolia^ common in the Lower Oolite of England. The re- 
maining species, Sphenolepidiumr oregouense^ is peculiar to the Oregon flora, but it 
is not a very good species. The resemblance between the Hope Bay flora and the 
Jurassic floras of Oregon and California can therefore not be said to be great: it is 
indeed remarkably slight. 
These are the most important Middle Jurassic floras to which the Hope Bay 
flora shows any high degree of resemblance. Of the remaining floras of that age 
neither the Siberian flora described by Heer, nor those from Japan, Korea, China 
and Dzungaria (Yokoyama, Yabe, Schenk 1883 and 1884, and Seward ig\i b) 
nor the Jurassic floras of Australia appear to be so closely comparable with the Ant- 
arctic flora as those already considered. 
Of other forms than those mentioned as represented in one or several of the Middle 
Jurassic floras discussed above, there is bnly one that is considered identical with 
a known species of that age, viz. Sphenopte 7 'is {Hyi 7 ie 7 iophyllites) Lecke 7 ibyi (ZiGNO), 
