15 
Mr. Bonney had noticed the hollows of wave 
wear in the face of these cliffs. 
These longitudinal caves record a long continu- 
ance of tide wash on a stationary cliff. The un- 
disturbed horizontally of many of these wave 
marks indicates great uniformity in the process of 
elevation. 
(6) Distinct traces of raised beach occurred on the east 
side of the Head near the bath house, where masses 
of shingle hang cemented to the face of the rock 
50 — 60 feet above the sea. 
(7) On the boulder clay of the isthmus, especially deve- 
. loped in the western cliff, is a deposit of varying 
thickness of beach shingle, courser or finer ; seen 
also in foundations in Llandudno, and probably 
continuous with the present eastern beach. 
(8) On the last named beds lies much blown sand. Mr. 
Glover mentions that within forty or fifty years 
this sand has converted into solid ground a tract 
of impassable swamp, and even overlaid it. 
(9) Unmistakeable proofs of beach wear occurred in the 
shape of the burrows of Pholades, necessarily made 
while the rock was near if not below low water 
mark. 
These remains occur at various heights all over 
the Head, under certain conditions, of sufficient 
consistency of stone and sufficient shelter from 
atmospheric wear, either under the edges of tables 
of rock, in situ or fallen, or in rounded beach 
stones, on or in the sward on the talus slopes of 
the hill. All the stone in which holes had been 
observed, had evidently suffered some superficial 
waste, hence only the ends of deeper burrows 
remain. 
