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in experimenting upon and improving every process in fine 
cotton spinning, and in every department lie produced im- 
provements, some of which are in use to this day, while 
others have been superseded. Most of these are only of 
interest to those engaged in the business with which they 
are connected. But some, such as “ the differential motion” 
(described to the Society already by Mr. Dyer), various 
applications to spinning mules, and his improvements upon 
Heilman’s combing machine, have probably some interest in 
a scientific point of view, as exhibiting the thorough know- 
ledge of mechanical principles which he undoubtedly pos- 
sessed, as well as an aptitude for invention which was very 
remarkable, all the more because it was generally applied to 
what were comparatively trivial subjects. He made very 
extensive experiments in smoke burning and in raising 
steam economically. He also improved considerably Heil- 
man’s embroidery machine, and during the last few years 
of his life, when he retired from Manchester, he introduced 
several important improvements in the construction and 
adaptation (especially to stiff lands) of the steam plough. 
This is a general summary of the results of a life extending 
over 70 years, more marked by constant, conscientious in- 
dustry and love of knowledge and improvement than by 
any great achievement. 
The following papers and communications have been read 
at the ordinary and sectional meetings of the Society during 
the present session : — 
October lstf, 1867. — 1 “ On Sections of Volkmannia,” by E. W. 
Binney, F.R.S., F.G.S. 
October 1st, 1867.-— “On the Portraits of Sir Isaac Newton,” 
by Samuel Crompton, M.D. 
October ls£, 1867.— -“On Pholas holes in the Limestone Rock on 
Grin Edge, near Buxton,” by R. D. Darbishire, B. A., F.G.S. 
October 'Ith , 1867. — “On Silk-produciug Worms from Natal,” 
by Mr. A. G. Latham. 
