REPOET ON THE DEEP-SEA DEPOSITS. 
113 
Residue. 
Additional Observations. 
^ Siliceous Organisms. 
Minerals. 
Fine Washings. 
i ■ '00 %), Sponge spicules, Eadio- 
1 laria, casts of Foraminifera, 
1 Diatoms. 
( 
1 
(60^00 %), m. di. 0^20 mm., 
angular ; felspar, plagioclase, 
pumice, augite, quartz, mag- 
netite. 
(35 •OO %), amorphous matter, 
fine mineral and siliceous re- 
mains. 
Green casts of Foraminifera are left after treatment with 
acid. In the trawl at the latter depth there were some 
very large hardened pieces of the bottom. These were 
perforated by worms and in some cases slightly coated 
with manganese. In the cup of the lead were several 
hardened clay nodules, and rather angular pebbles. 
The minerals are of volcanic origin. 
r 
•00 %), Eadiolaria, Astror- 
hizidte, Lituolid®, Sponge 
spicules, Diatoms. 
i 
( 
% 
(30^00 %), m. di. 0^15 mm., 
angular ; almost all volcanic 
minerals, monoclinic and 
triclinic felspars, augite, horn- 
blende, magnetite, fragments 
of black vesicular glass, pum- 
ice, black mica, manganese. 
(60^55 %), amorphous matter, 
minute fragments of minerals 
and siliceous organisms. 
The trawl brought up many animals, much mud, several 
pumice stones, and many large blocks having the 
same mineralogical composition and clastic elements 
as the mud itself ; these appear to be indeed simply 
hardened or conglomerated portions of the deposit. 
In these conglomerated portions there are fragments of 
plagioclase coated with glassy mattter, splinters of 
augite and hornblende, magnetite, fragments or lapilli 
of basaltic rocks, vesicular or massive, and opaque 
splinters of pumice filled with microliths. In the wash- 
ings of the mud were many arenaceous Foraminifera. 
i -00 %), Sponge spicules, 
1 Eadiolaria, Reophax nodulosa, 
Diatoms. 
(10 '00 %), m. di. 0'07 mm., 
angular ; felspar, plagioclase, 
augite, magnetite, glassy 
volcanic splinters. 
(82 '00 %), much amorphous 
matter, fine mineral frag- 
ments. 
No blue lower layer was observed in the deposit, as was 
the case in the bottoms taken in the Japan stream. 
The deposit is a Eed Clay, intermixed with which are 
remains of siliceous organisms, broken down pumice, 
and volcanic mineral jjarticles. 
•00 %), Eadiolaria, Beophax 
nodulosa, Diatoms. 
(lO^OO %), m. di. 0^10 mm., 
angular ; plagioclase, felspar, 
pumice, scori®, magnetite, 
palagonite, augite, man- 
ganese grains, olivine, micro- 
scopic lapilli. 
(87^00 %), much amorphous 
red coloured matter, mineral 
and siliceous remains. 
A considerable quantity of pumice is present ; two pieces, 
about the size of a bean, quite black on the outside, 
were obtained on washing a quantity of the clay. The 
siliceous organisms do not seem to be so abundant as 
in the previous sounding. Among the washings were 
numerous black particles of manganese. 
, •OO %), Eadiolaria, Sponge 
1 spicules, Ehabdammina, Lit- 
' uoUd®, Diatoms. 
(5^00 %), m. di. 0'07 mm., angu- 
lar ; plagioclase, pumice, 
scori®, glassy volcanic parti- 
cles, magnetite, augite, pala- 
gonite. 
(90^00 %), much red amorphous 
matter, siliceous and mineral 
remains. 
This deposit is similar to that obtained at the last station, 
but the siliceous organisms seem to be more abundant. 
In the clay were worm-tubes much impregnated with 
manganese, also several blackened pieces of pumice 
about the size of a pea. The minerals are chiefly , 
broken down pumice. j 
,5^00 %), Eadiolaria, Astror- 
hizid®, Lituolid®, Diatoms. 
(lO'OO %), m. di. 0^10 mm., 
angular ; felspar, chiefly 
monoclinic with numerous 
vitreous inclusions, augite, 
more rarely hornblende, 
magnetite, numerous frag- 
ments of pumice, manganese. 
(57 ^71 %), amorphous matter, 
numerous small vitreous frag- 
ments, fine mineral particles, 
fragments of siliceous organ- 
isms. 
The trawl brought up many hundreds of pumice stones 
and many animals. The tow-nets attached to the beam 
of the trawl were filled with fine soft clay. The 
arenaceous Foraminifera are very abundant and macro- 
scopic. About fifty of the fragments of pumice had a 
diameter of from 8 to 15 cm. The majority were 
about 5 cm., but fragments of all sizes were abundant, 
down to small microscopic particles, those of the larger ! 
size being generally less decomposed than the smaller 
ones. Microscopic sections of these pumice stones 
show vitreous basis, sanidine, plagioclase, and augite. 
i’OO %), Eadiolaria, Haplo- 
pkragmium latidorsatum, Dia- 
' toms. 
(5^00 %), m. di. 0^10 mm., 
angular ; plagioclase, augite, 
pumice, some rounded grains 
of quartz. 
(92 '00 %), much fine reddish 
clayey matter, small particles 
of volcanic minerals and 
pumice, fragments of siliceous 
organisms. 
There was a small quantity of the deposit in the sounding 
tube, and also a small quantit}^ and two small man- 
ganese nodules in the water-bottle. The nodules had 
a nucleus of altered pumice, and a coating of manganese 
an eighth of an inch (3 mm. ) in thickness. 
[ 
) 
J 
(deep-sea deposits chall. exp. — 1890.) 
15 
Oil Japan — continued. Yokohama to Saiulwioh Lslaiula. 
