REPORT ON THE DEEP-SEA DEPOSITS. 
105 
so filled with, these that large quantities could be dried by heating over a stove, 
when a whitish felt-like mass was obtained. Mixed up with these Diatoms there were 
many species of Eadiolaria. Coccospheres and Ehabdospheres, which were found so 
abundantly in the surface water of the warmer parts of the Atlantic and Southern 
Oceans, were not met with south of lat. 50° S., either on the surface or in the deposits 
at the bottom. The same remark applies to Orhulina universa, Pulvinulina, and several 
species of Glohigerina. South of lat. 50° S., the only pelagic Foraminifera found on the 
surface were Glohigerina hulloides, Glohigerina dutertrei, and Glohigerina inflata, and 
these were the only pelagic species found in the deposit at the bottom (see Diagrams 
9 and 10). 
3. Pacific Ocean. 
Melbourne to Sydney. — The deposits from the shallow water between Melbourne and 
Moncoeur Island (see Chart 25) were shelly sands with 82 per cent, of carbonate of lime, 
coming chiefly from fragments of Polyzoa ; these fragments were usually over 5 mm. in 
diameter. Mineral particles formed about 5 per cent., and consisted for the most part of 
quartz, mica, and felspars. Green casts of the shells were left after treatment with dilute 
acids. 
Soundings were taken in 2200 and 150 fathoms to the north of Cape Howe, the 
shallower depth being several mdes nearer shore. In the former case the deposit was a 
Glohigerina Ooze, with 62 per cent, of carbonate of lime largely coming from the remains 
of pelagic Foraminifera. The trawling in 150 fathoms showed that the bottom was 
covered with Polyzoa, shells, and gravel. 
Ofif^ Sydney. — The deposits in depths of from 120 to 1200 fathoms off the Australian 
coast (see Chart 26) were Green Sands and Muds, containing a considerable quantity of 
glauconite, and resembling in many respects the deposits at similar depths off the south 
coast of Africa. The deposits from 120 and 290 fathoms were Green Sands, those from 
greater depths Green Muds. The carbonate of lime ranged from 46 to 50 per cent., 
and consisted of the shells of Glohigerina, Orhidina, Pulvinulina, Pullenia, Miliolina, 
Textularia, Discorhina, Cristellaria, and other Foraminifera; Coccospheres and Ehab- 
doliths ; fragments of Pteropods and other pelagic Molluscs ; Ostracode valves, fragments 
of Echinoderms, Polyzoa, and other calcareous organisms. The mineral particles in 
these deposits were about 0T2 mm. in diameter, and consisted of rounded fragments 
of quartz, felspars, hornblende, magnetite, mica, volcanic glass, in addition to glauconite. 
There were a few Eadiolaria and Sponge spicules. Many of the Foraminifera shells were 
filled with green glauconitic matter which remained as internal casts after treatment with 
dilute acids, A quantity of the glauconitic grains and casts were carefully collected 
after removing the calcareous organisms by dilute acid, and an analysis of these is given 
in the description of glauconitic deposits (see PI. XXIV. fig. 2 for glauconitic casts). 
