PLATE XIV. 
Tliis pliito represents tlie gener.il appearance of the calcareous deposits at different depths and distances from 
the reefs at the Fiji and Friendly Islands in the South Pacific. 
Fig. 2. Section of the mud from 18 fathoms inside the reefs at Tongatabu (magnified 15 diameters), consisting 
principally of fragments of ^lolluscs, calcareous Algae, Polyzoa, and large bottom-living Foraminifera. 
1. Fragment of calcareous Alga. 
2. Part section of OrhitoUtes sp. (?). 
3. Transv. &eat\c>no{OpcrcuUnacomplanata{YO\xv\g). 
4. Fragment of test of Echinodenn (?). 
6. Longitudinal section of AlvcoUna boscii. 
6. Transverse ,, ,, ,, 
7. Calcareous Alga. 
8. Fragment of calcareous Alga. 
9. Alcyouarian spicule. 
10. Longitudinal section of Cymhalopora poeyi. 
11. ,, ,, Tcxtularia trochus. 
12. Fragment of calcareous Alga. 
13. Longitudinal section of Nonionina scapha. 
14. Part section of Amphistegina cumingii, 
15. Transverse section of Tntneatulina sp. (?). 
16. Longitudinal section of Cycloclypeus sp. (?). 
17. Longitudinal section of Spiroloculina crenata. 
18. Fragment of test of Echinoderm. 
19. Fr.agment of calcareous Alga, with Polytrema 
miniacetim attached. 
20. Section of Orbitolites. 
21. Longitudinal section of Gasteropod shell. 
22. Fragment of calcareous Alga. 
23. Olobigerina bulloides. 
24. Longitudinal section of Texlularia conica. 
25. Fragment of calcareous Alga. 
26. Longitudinal section of Clavulina commiMtis. 
27. Section of Orbitolites complanata, showing 
primordial chamber. 
28. Fragment of Polyzoon. 
29. Transverse section of Orbitolites complanata, 
var. laciniata. 
Fig. 1. Section representing the appearance of the mud in 240 fathoms, about three miles from the reefs off 
Tongatabu (magnified 50 diameters); the particles are of the same nature as in fig. 2, but of 
smaUer size, and there is a considerable admixture of pelagic species. 
1. Fragment of Orbulina universa. 
2. Longitudinal section of Gasteropod shell. 
3. Section of Olobigerina rubra. 
4. Heteropod shell. 
5. Section of Orbitolites complanata, showing 
primordial chamber. 
6. Part section of Polystomella sp. (?). 
7. ,, Polytrema miniaccum. 
8. Calcareous Alga. 
9. Fragment of calcareous Alga. 
10. Longitudinal section of Bolivina beyrichi. 
11. Transverse section of Echinoderm spine. 
12. Fragment of calcareous Alga (?). 
13. Part section of Heterostegina sp. (?). 
14. Transverse section of Nummulites sp. (?), 
15. Longitudinal section of Orbitolites complanata. 
16. Truncatulina sp. (?). 
17. Fragment of Mollusc shell. 
18. Part section of Calcarina spcngleri. 
19. Fragment of test of Echinoderm. 
20. Transverse section of Spiroloculina crenata. 
21. Section of Olobigerina rubra. 
22. Fragment of calcareous Alga. 
23. Fragment of pumice. 
24. Part section of Teadularia trochus. 
25. Transverse section of Spiroloculina sp. (?). 
26. Fragment of Polyzoon. 
27. Part section of Orbitolites sp. (?). 
28. ,, Amphistegina cumingii. 
29. Fragment of calcareous Alga. 
30. Transverse section of JRotalia soldanii, 
31. Section of Olobigerina rubra. 
32. Calcareous Alga. 
33. Fragment of calcareous Alga. 
34. Longitudinal section of Echinoderm spine. 
35. Transverse section of liotalia sp. (?). 
36. Longitudinal section of Bulimina sp. (?). 
37. ,, ,, Miliolina subrotunda, 
38. Part section of Carpenteria monticularis. 
39. Fragment of Mollusc shell, with Carpenteria 
attached. 
40. Transverse section of Trttaxia sp. (?). 
Fig. 3. Spctioms representing the appearance of the deposit in 610 fathoms, about Similes from the reefs atKandavu, 
Fijis (fig. 3a magnified 50 diameters, fig. 35 200 diameters), -where there is a large admixture of 
jwlagic shells among the minute calcareous fragments derived from the reefs and shallo-wer -waters. 
1. Part section of Rotalia soldanii. 
2. Section of Olobigerina bulloides. 
3. Radiolarian. 
4. 
5. Section of Heteropod shell. 
6. Longitudinal section of Bulimina pygmsea. 
7. Olobigerina rubra. 
8. Ijong. section of Clavulina communis (young). 
9. Olobigerina dubia. 
10. Fragment of calcareous Alga. 
11. ,, Sponge spicule. 
12. ,, Olobigerina shell. 
13. Portion of test of lihabdammina (V). 
14. Fragment of shell of Orbulina universa. 
15. Section of Spiroloculina crenata. 
16. Olobigerina sacculifera. 
17. Transverse section of Truncatulina sp. (?). 
18. Fragment of Mollusc shell. 
19. 
20 . 
21 . 
22 . 
23. 
24. 
25. 
26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 
32. 
33. 
34. 
35. 
36. 
Fragment of Pteropod shell. 
n M 
Longitudinal section of Miliolina sp. (?). 
Section of Olobigerina rubra. 
,, Olobigerina bulloides. 
Fragment of Mollusc shell. 
Part section of Gasteropod shell. 
Fragment of Orbiculina shell. 
Calcareous Alga. 
Fragment of Sponge spicule. 
,, test of Echinoderm. 
Sponge spicules. 
) t II 
II 
II II 
II II 
Fragment of shell of Olobigerina rubra. 
Olobigerina bulloides (young). 
Fig. 4 . 
Sections representing the appearance of the deposit, about 30 miles west of Ngaloa, Fijis, at a depth 
of 1350 fathoms (fig. 4a magnified 50 diameters, fig. 45 200 diameters), where, it will be seen, the 
deposit is a (llobigerina Ooze, principally made up of pelagic Foraminifera shells. 
1. Part section of Orbulina universa, 
2. Truncatulina sp. (?). 
3. Fragment of test of Ei’hinoderm. 
4. Part section of Pulvinulina crassa. 
5. Section of Olobigerina conglobata, 
6. l^llliolarin^. 
7 .Section of Olohigerina btdloides. 
8. ,, Olohigerina conglobata. 
9. Part of shell of fhrbulina universa.. 
10. Section of Olobigerina congMtata. 
1 1 Olobigerina rubra. 
12. Part of shell of Jhdvinulina mcnardii. 
1 3. Olobigerina rubra. 
14. Fragment of test of Echinoderm. 
16. Part section of Olobigerina sp. (?). 
16. Radiolarian. 
17. Olobigerina rubra (young). 
18. Fragment of section of Olobigerina conglobata. 
19. Olobigerina bulloides (young). 
20. Olobigerina conglobata, showing spines remain- 
ing on an inner cell. 
