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Normal fall populations of’ beet 'leafhoppers wore present for hibernation 
in the northern Utah breeding areas invl940; however, very few survived the 
winter. With low overwintered populations and adverse weather conditions dur- 
ing April and May a very low spring brood' was produced. The long-distance, 
migration coning into Utah from Arizona, southern Utah, and Nevada in 194l 
occurred in May, This was 3 weeks later and only 20 percent as large as the 
corresponding April movement of 1940. The local migration started May 25 in 
1941 , This was 1 week later end about 4 to 5 percent as large. Only 33 percent 
of the local migrant leafhoppers were virulif erous. The beet leafhoppers in 
northern Utah transmitted curly-top disease to 12 percent of the sugar beets and 
to 7 percent of the tomatoes in 194l, as compared to 65 and 52 percent, respec- 
tively, for sugar beets and tomatoes in 1940. 
■ ! 
The acreage of Russian— thistle was slightly increased in 194l, but below- 
nohmal precipitation during August and September caused much of it to dry up, 
particularly the dense stands. Beet leafhopper populations produced during the 
summer and fall of 194l were l6 percent as la,rge as in 1940, Nall and winter 
host plants in all areas germinated in October and a.re in good condition, 
(Walter 3, Peay, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, U. S. D, A.) 
The beet leafhopper infests fields of beets grown for seed in the fall, 
both in the Salt River Valley of Arizona and in Me si 11a Valley, N, Hex, Very 
little curly top was found in beet-seed fields of the Salt River Valley late in 
April 194l from a small infestation the previous fall. In Mesilla Valley curly 
top by April 1941 was severe in fields with the thinner stands, resulting from 
a moderate infestation the previous fall, especially in fields that had not 
been sprayed for leafhopper control. Infestations of the beet leafhopper, which 
occurred the fall of 1941 in beet-seed fields of both the Salt River Valley of 
Arizona and Mesilla Valley, N, Mex*, were considered injurious only to the thin- 
ner stands. In both districts spraying was done in October to reduce curly top 
damage. (V. E. Romney, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, U. S e P. A.) 
In California the spring migration of the beet leafhopper occurred in num- 
bers above the average but was much smaller in magnitude than in 1940, A small 
second brood developed in the centra.l part of the San Joaquin V alley and moved 
into the Sacramento Valley during May. Very little damage to sugar beets was 
reported. 
In the central part of the San Joa.quin V a qi G y, where early tomatoes are 
planted close together and grown on stakes- only about 3 percent of the plants 
suffered damage from curly top„ In the remainder of the San Joaquin Valley 
and Sacramento Valley very little curly top damage occurred on tomatoes c . 
(W. C. Cook, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine j U 0 S; D c A.,) 
PEPPER WEEVIL* — The 1941 season in southern California followed a. second 
warn winter. Numerous live and active weevils were found on nightshade through- 
out the winter and early part of the spring. Pepper blossom buds’ were infested 
in the seed bed before transplanting. Heavy infestations in the field were 
observed early in June. One field of chili peppers, from plants grown very 
early in a greenhouse, had many infested pods in June. Two early fields were 
so badly damaged that they were plowed up. Heavy infestations occurred in 
fields of chili, paprika, p ini onto, and sweet peppers in all pepper-growing 
areas from San Diego to Ventura., The infestation continued throughout the 
