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APPENDICES 
VI. A. Pharmacology and Toxicity of Ganciclovir 
Ganciclovir (Cytovene®, Syntex Laboratories, Inc.) is a synthetic nucleoside analog of 2'- 
deoxyguanosine that inhibits the replication of herpes viruses, including cytomegalovirus (CMV), 
herpes simplex virus (types 1 and 2), Epstein-Barr virus and varicella zoster virus. It is clinically 
indicated for the treatment of CMV retinitis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and 
for the prevention of CMV infection in bone marrow transplant recipients. In addition, it is used to treat 
CMV infections in transplant patients. Extensive clinical experience exists in the use of this drug. 
Currently, it is available as a lyophilized powder for intravenous use. An oral form is currently under 
development. In experimental animals it is often administered by intraperitoneal injection which leads 
to blood levels that are similar to those obtained by intravenous administration. 
The human dosage in CMV infected patients and transplant recipients is 5 mg/kg given as a one hour 
infusion twice daily. A single infusion, at this dose, gives a peak plasma concentration (plasma level at 
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