8 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF QUEENSLAND. 
Africa. However there is no certainty that the imperfectly preserved 
form now figured as I. (?) sp. is a true member of the genus; so 
that the record, being indefinite, does not confirm the evidence of’ the 
two other Trigonias in the collection although it does not oppose it. 
This fauna, then, may be regarded as equivalent to that of the 
Uitenhage and Oomia beds. It gives no new evidence about the age 
of those faunas ; but the evidence that they give mav be used in niacin 0, 
the Stanwell bed. 
The previous palaeontological evidence has been presented in great 
detail by Kitchin, particularly in his last papers (1926 and 1929). In 
one region this fauna is known definitely to be of Valanginian age — 
the Uitenhage beds, with a decisive ammonite fauna. In Patagonia, 
elements of the fauna are found with Neocomian ammonites; though 
it has not been made clear at present to which division of the Neocomian 
they belong. At other localities they are known to be pre-Aptian or 
post-Upper Jurassic, or both. At Kachh, for instance (see Spath 1930, 
p. 137), the sequence is as follows: — 
Ukra Hill beds (with Aptian ammonites). 
Sandstones — several hundred feet thick, 'k 
Trigonia bed. i Oomia beds. 
Sandstones — several hundred feet thick. J 
Dhosa Oolite (with Lower Tithonian ammonites). 
In Zululand the fauna occurs at some unstated distance below beds 
with Aptian ammonites. At Tendaguru, as Kitchin has shown, the 
beds with indigenous Trigonias are pre-Aptian and occur with apparently 
derived Kimmeridgian ammonites. 
In the Malone formation of Texas, elements of this fauna occur. 
Kimmeridgian ammonites are present (like Tendaguru) but the lamelli- 
branchs are of Cretaceous facies (Kitchin 1926). Kitchin has suggested 
that here, and in Tendaguru, there is an admixture of endemic and 
derived fossils. 
These faunas are, at the earliest, late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) and 
are pre-Aptian. With Kitchin, one may agree that they are so similar 
as to form a stratigraphical unit; and since they are known to be 
Valanginian in South Africa, a Valanginian or near- Valanginian age 
may be assumed provisionally for the fauna. 
A marine Hauterivian horizon (with Simbirskites ) is recorded 
with some doubt 1 from elsewhere in Queensland (near Morven) where, 
as at Stanwell, the bed wmuld occur within a pre-Aptian lacustrine 
1 The history of this record is as follows: — In the collections of the Queensland 
Museum a group of five fossils, cemented with commercial cement, bears the locality 
label ‘ ‘ Victoria Downs, Morven ’ \ The exhibit has been in the Museum for several 
decades, but there is no record of how acquired. The ammonites (see Whitehouse 
1927, p. Ill) are typically Hauterivian. The other shells are a species of Leptomarui. 
No further material has been brought in from this region. 
Victoria Downs was a property of some 200 square miles in area on which 
richly fossiliferous Aptian beds with ammonites (Roma Series) are underlain con- 
formably by lacustrine beds (Blythesdale Series). It is thus a likely locality. 
In preservation the specimens are so like the Simbirskites from North Germany, 
and specific relations are so close with North Germany forms, as Etheridge (1909) 
noted, that a little uneasiness is felt about the locality record. No geologist yet 
has searched the property for pre-Aptian fossils. 
