XII. 
ABSTRACT OF PROCEEDINGS. 
Dr. White gave an address on endemic fluorosis in artesian areas 
of Queensland. After outlining the history of fluorosis and showing 
its world distribution, the events leading to its discovery in Queensland 
were given in some detail. A large number of specimens, showing various 
stages of the malady from lambs to full-mouth sheep, were exhibited. 
All specimens showed marked wear of molars and the definite “pitting” 
and banding of incisors was commonly featured. The abnormal develop- 
ment of incisors when animals were forced to subsist on fluorided waters 
continuously, i.e., when there was no period on surface water, was well 
illustrated in the case of two, three, and four-year old sheep. The 
seriousness of this disability was stressed by reference to recent drought 
losses which were accentuated by the inability of affected sheep to chew 
old fodder stands. In some cases the pulp cavity was exposed. The 
lecturer indicated that when the fluorine intake of water for inlamb ewes 
reached a level of 12 parts per million, there was a serious risk of the 
unborn lamb being affected, and this was illustrated in the case of a 
lamb whose deciduous teeth showed a high fluorine content and abnor- 
malities in structure. A number of specimens showed exostoses which 
develop when the fluorine level in the water exceeded 2 parts per 
million. Interest was added to the lecture by the use of an ultra-violet 
lamp (mercury vapour) which delineated the affected areas in bones 
quite well by a marked fluorescence. 
A lengthy discussion followed, in which Dr. Carter, Medical Officer 
in one of the affected areas, gave his clinical findings. Dr. Carter had 
tendered a large selection of human teeth taken from patients in the 
endemic zone, and these were a source of interest to a number of medical 
officers present. Others who joined in the discussion were Professor 
Wilkinson, Dr. Roberts, Mr. Ogilvie, Mr. Hines, and Dr. Hickey. 
Abstract of Proceedings, 27th August, 1945. 
The Ordinary Monthly Meeting of the Society was held in the 
Geology Department of the University on Monday, 27th August, at 
8 p.m., with the President (Prof. H. J. Wilkinson) in the chair. About 
thirty members and friends were present. The minutes of the previous 
meeting were read and confirmed. Mr. F. C. Nommensen and Dr. W. J. 
Chamberlain were elected to Ordinary Membership, and Mr. H. J. T. 
Bake to Associate Membership. Mr. A. Millingen was nominated for 
Ordinary Membership. 
Dr. A. Jefferis Turner was elected to Honorary Life Membership. 
Dr. Turner arrived in Brisbane in 1889, and since then has collected and 
studied Lepidoptera all over Australia. His first paper was published 
in 1894, and dealt with the description of Micro-Lepidoptera from 
Moreton Bay. From then on, he has been a regular contributor to all 
scientific journals of Australia, and, in all, has published over one 
hundred articles. Undoubtedly, he is the world’s authority on the 
Lepidoptera of Australia. He has devoted particular attention on that 
difficult group known as the “Micro-Lepidoptera” and such big families 
as Oecophoridae. Dr. Turner has also been a trustee of the Society for 
many years. 
