4S 
THE LARGER FUNGI 
whitish. Smell slightly strong. Spores elliptical, narrow for the length, ;i to 
13 x 5.5 to 6 Deeply rooting in sandy soil. South Australia — Encounter 
Bay, Ivinehina, National Park, near Mount Burr (South-East). May, July, 
August, September. 
The species is characterised by the medium size, the whitish p ileus with 
a biscuit-coloured tint, the ample sheathing vulva, and microscopically by the 
relatively narrow spores. 
2. Amanita cinereo-annulosa Clel. (L. oinereus, drab; anmdosus, ringed). — 
Pileus 2 to Sirin. (5 to 8.2 cm.), more or less plane, sometimes subiunbouale or 
slightly depressed in the centre, polished, occasionally with thin membranous 
patches of the universal veil, Drab (xlvi.), but mostly paler. Gills .just 
reaching the stem, moderately close, up to 1 cm. deep, white to creamy white. 
Stem 3J to 54in. (8.7 to 13*7 cm.), stout (1.5 to 2 cm. thick), slightly 
attenuated upwards, slightly hollow, somewhat bulbous at the base, deeply root- 
ing, with an ample sheathing vulva, striate and usually tinted drab above] the 
ring, whitish and fibrillosc below. Bing ample, rather distant, Drab (xlvi.). 
Spores, elliptical, 10.5 to 12 x 8 y, In sandy soil. South Australia — Encounter 
Bay. May. 
Distinguished by the drab-coloured pileus and ring, deeply-rooting stem, 
and ample sheathing volva. 
(V) Volva circumscissile or fugacious. Pileus generally covered with 
FRAGMENTS OF THE VOLVA. 
No South Australian species recorded. 
(rj Volva kloccose or. friable. Pileus floccose or verrucose with the 
FRAGMENTS OF THE 'VOLVA, RARELY NAKED. 
Amanita muscaria (L.) Fr. (L. musva, a fly). — “Pileus 4 to Sin. (10 to 
20 cm.), fleshy, viscid, globose, then convex and at length flattened, margin 
slightly striate when mature, scarlet or orange, covered with white or yellowish 
fragments of the volva. Gills free but reaching the stem, crowded, thick, 
broader in front, minutely denticulate, white, rarely becoming yellow. Stem 
4 to bin. (10 to 22 cm.), firm, often torn into scales, apex striate, base 
bulbous, encircled by several concentric rings formed from the fragments, of 
the volva, white or yellowish. Ring white, yellowish on the exterior, superior, 
very soft, torn, somewhat striate. Flesh white, yellow under the epidermis. 
Spore® elliptical, apiculate, white, 8 ,to 10 x 6 to 7 y.. Taste mild. Very 
poisonous ’ — Rea. South Australia. — Under exotic trees (oak and spruce), 
Aldgate. March. 
This is a remarkably handsome and striking species, readily recognised, and 
almost certainly introduced. 
4. Amanita rubescens (Pers.) Fr. (E., rwbescens, becoming red).— Pileus 31. to 
4in, (s to 10 cm.), convex, sometimes umbonat'e, then plane, splitting, moist, 
margin slightly striate when old, reddish-brown covered with membranous-warty, 
paler patches of the volva. Gills up to Jin. (1.2 cm.) deep, just reaching the 
stem with traces of decurrent teeth, moderately crowded, soft', white spotted with 
reddish-brown. Stem 3 to 4in. (7.5 to 10 cm.)’ fin. (15 ram.) thick in the middle, 
slightly attenuated upwards, bulbous below (lin., 2.5 cm., thick or more), 
squamitlose, reddish-brown, darker below. Ring somewhat distant, lax", soft, 
membranaceous, whitish or reddish -white. Volva evanescent, often as only a 
raised rim, reddish-brown. Flesh turning reddish. Taste sweet. Spores 
subspherieal to elliptical, 9.3 x 6.5 g., 7.5 g. Edible, but caution recommended. 
South Australia — Under chestnuts, Mount Lofty. Europe. March, April. 
5. Amanita ochrophylla (Cke. et Mass.). (L., oohra, ochre; Gr. phyllon, a leaf 
— a hybrid combination). — Pileus up to 9fin. (24.4 cm.), campanulate when young, 
then convex and expanded to nearly plane, sometimes slightly umbonato, when 
young with flukes or large adhering scales or coarse projecting warts (the 
remains of the volva), often with remains of the veil leaving a fretted margin 
at the edge of the pileus, pinkish buff, pale fawn, biscuit colour or pale ochre. 
Gills free or just adnexed, 1.5 cm. deep, crowded, white to cream, becoming 
ochraccous (buff yellow) when old (between Light Buff and Cinnamon Buff, xv.). 
Stem to Birrs. (15 cm.) or more, stout, up to 11 to ljin. (3.1 to 3.7 cm.) in 
