100 
THE LARGER FUNGI 
These are thin-capped putrescent fungi with free gills, viscid pileus and 
separable stein, differing from Balbiti.iis in that the gills do not tend to soften 
and dissolve in wet weather hut nevertheless sometimes united with Bolbitius. 
In (kiln'd, the stem is not truly separable, the cap is not viscid and the gills 
are attached. Only one species has been recognised in South Australia and that, 
from its habitat, is probably an introduced one. 
IIS. Pluteolus coprophilus l’eck. (Gr., koprox, dung; philos , loving). — Pileus 
1 ill. (2.b cm.) or more in diameter, at first ovate, then conieo-cnmpanulate, finally 
upturned, striate, whitish, with a slight pale pinkish-buff or yellowish tint. Gills 
just free, ascending, moderately close, pallid watery brown. Stem IJin. (4.4 cm.), 
moderately slender, slightly attenuated upwards, fibril lose then mealy, hollow, 
whitish. Flesh with a trace of yellow. Spores elliptical, yellow brown, 10.5 to 
13 x S /j.. Subcaespito.se on manure. South Australia — Mental Hospital. Parkside. 
July. 
(Il) PlUSl’S CONFLUENT AND HOMOGENEOUS WITH THE FLESHY STEM. 
*Witli a membranaceous ring on the stem. 
Spores ferruginous; general veil persistent. 
ROZITES Karst. 
(After E. Roze, a French mycologist.) 
“Pileus fleshy, regular, clad with a thin general veil. Stem central, fleshy. 
Ring membranaeeous. Gills adnate. Spores ferruginous. Growing on the 
ground. ' ' — Rea. 
119. Rozites australiensis Clel. et Cheel. (L., Australis-mix, Australian). — 
When young subglobose or pear-shaped, 3 to Tin. (7.5 to 17.5 cm.) with a thick 
stem clad with ragged fragments of the universal veil and with a conical root, a 
secondary veil present, viscid when moist, pure white or with a slight brownish 
tint, Pileus when adult up to 11 in. (27.5 cm.) in diameter, sometimes only 2 or 
•"in. (5 to 7.5 cm.), expanding to convex and then nearly plane and usually 
broadly subumbonatc, sometimes with a depression in the umbo, smooth, sometimes 
cracking, with fragments of the veil at the edge, white with a slight brownish 
tint. Gills when young pule straw colour and adnate, finally slightly sinuate and 
nearly or seemingly free or seemingly decurrent' on the stem, moderately close, 
rather narrow (up to 8 mm.), pale salmony-brown becoming more eiiinamoiiy, 
finally rich rusty brown (Oohraceous Tawny, xv.). Stem when adult up to din. 
(15 cm.), 1,1 to 2Jin. (3.7 to d.2 cm.) thick, often much less than these measure- 
ments, becoming bulbous below and then contracting into a conical root, slightly 
tibrillose, solid, white with large ragged fragments of a rather superior or sub 
distant ring or with a marked membranous ring more than Jin. (1.2 cm.) deep, 
and below this often the remains of the universal veil. Flesh thick, tough, white. 
No smell. Spores in the mass rich ferruginous brown, microscopically yel’ow- 
brown, oblique with pointed ends, 8.5 to 12.x x 5 to 7.2 /jl. Attached to white 
mycelial threads traversing the ground and forming indefinite masses. South 
Australia — Mount Lofty, National Park, Kuitpo, Ashton near Norton’s Summit. 
New South Wales. April, May, July. 
Spares ochraccous or ferruginous, generally smooth; general veil none or fugacious. 
PHOLIOTA Fr. 
(Gr,, pholis, a scale; ioux, otos , the ear.) 
“Pileus fleshy, regular. Stem central. Ring membranaceous, persistent or 
fugacious, superior or inferior. Gills adnate or decurrent' with a tooth. Spores 
oohraceous or ferruginous, rarely fuscous; elliptical, oval, obovate, subreniform 
or oblong elliptical; generally smooth, continuous or with a germ-spore. Growing 
on the ground or on wood, often caespitose. ” — Rea. 
The genus is characterised by tbe brown spores, by the possession of a ring 
derived from the partial veil, by the stem being continuous with the pileus, the 
absence of a vulva and the attached gills. Some grow on the ground, some on 
wood or even on the trunks of growing trees. In size, the species vary from 
rather small to large. 
