136 
THU LARGER FUNGI 
**Growing on clung. 
203. Stropharia stercoraria Fr. (L., stereorarius, of dung). — Pileus lin. 
(2.5 cm.), more or loss hemispherical, then expanded, obtuse, viscid, often 
exceedingly so, yellow. Gills adnate, very broad, whitish, then umber fuscous or 
olivaceous fuscous (or clouded with black). Stem 21 to din. (3.7 to 10 cm.), 
rather slender, equal, stuffed with a separable fibrous pith (or hollow), smooth, 
smeared with the glutinous veil, yellowish. Ring viscid, distant, thin, usually 
obvious. Flesh pallid, thin. Spores fuscous purple, elliptical, 14 t'o 24 x 7 to 
12 /i, usually 1(5 to 19 x 9 to 10 y. On dung (horse and cow), common after 
rain. South Australia — Adelaide district and probably throughout the State, 
Kalangadoo. May. 
8. k 1 nx-oraria and 8. semirjlobnta (Batscli) Fr. are very closely allied species, 
if not forms of one species. The features of S. unmglobata are said t'o be the 
persistently hemispherical cap, in some descriptions hollowness of the stem, the 
gills clouded with black, and the spores slightly smaller. Australian plants have 
caps which frequently expand, stems which are sometimes hollow, gills which 
are clouded with black, and spores which may exceed in both directions the limits 
given for tile two species. We prefer to place them all under 8. xteixorariu. 
The species is recognisable without difficulty by its habitat, the yellow, very 
viscid hemispherical cap tending to expand, and the large t'useous purple spores. 
204. Stropharia umbonatescens Peck. (L., umbo'mitcscen/s, growing an umbo). — 
Pileus i to ljjin. (1.2 to 3.1 cm.), at first acutely conical, then convex with an 
acute often papillate umbo, filially expanding’ and becoming nearly plane, viscid, 
yellowish-brown, darker in the centre. Gills adnnte, moderately distant, dark 
grey then sooty brown. Stem 3 to 44in, (7.5 to 11.2 cm.), slender, fibrillosely 
squamulose below, hollow, pallid with a slight brown tint. Ring superior or 
moderately distant, as a blackish ring, evanescent. Decided mouldy smell. Spores 
elliptical, purplish, 15.5 to 20.5 x 8.5 to 12 y. On dung. South Australia — 
Near Beaumont, Enecnmter Bay. New South Wales. United States of America. 
April, May. 
This species is dung-inhabiting and readily recognisable bv its long slender 
stem, yellowish-brown sticky cap with an acute umbo, the decided musty smell, 
ami the large purplish spores. 
205. Stropharia merdaria Fr. (PMlocybe merdnrw Fr., Rick.) (L., merdurius, 
of dung). — Pileus usually 4 to lin. (1.2 to 2.5 cm.), convex, subviseid to viscid 
when moist, the edge inturned when young and with whitish fragments of the 
flimsy veil, when midst sometimes dark brown and the edge slightly striate, when 
drier light tan-coloured, yellowish brown, dirty pale chestnut or dark brown 
(Snval Brown, xxix., more ochrueeous than Cinnamon Buff, xxix., near Oehraceous 
Tawny, xv.). Gills adnate with a trace of decurrenoe, close to moderately 
distant, rather triangular, at first pallid (near Isabella Colour, XXX.), finally 
fuscous or clouded greyisli-brown, edges usually whitish and finely serrate. Stem 
up to lin. (2.5 cm.) or more (up to 3in., 7.5 cm., in British specimens), apex 
striate, mealy fibrous, downy at the base, moderately slender, sometimes hollow, 
pallid to pallid brownish. Ring rarely evident, distant. Flesh white. Spore 
mass dark fuscous brown; spores microscopically dull brown with a porphyry 
tint to purplish brown, elongated oval, 12 to IS. 7 x (5.5 to 9.5 y. On or near 
dung. South Australia — Adelaide district, Mount Lofty, Mount Compass, 
Encounter Bay. May, July, August, October. 
B. Pileus without a pellicle but' innate- filirillose, not viscid. 
No Smith Australian species recorded. 
**Gills sinuate. 
HYPHOLOMA Fr. 
(Gr., hypke, a web; ld»w. a fringe.) 
“Pileus fleshy, regular, firm or fragile. Stem central, fibrous or fleshy. Gills 
sinuate, sinuato-adnate or adnexed. Spores purple, fuscous or cinereous purple ; 
elliptical, subglobose, pip-shaped or renifonn; smooth, rarely verrueose; with an 
