OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA. 
14a 
Stem 3 to lin. (1.8 to 2.5 cm.), sliglitly striate, firm, rather fibrous, hollow, very 
dark brown, nearly black, below an obscure diffuse whitish superior ring, a little 
paler above. When young with a well-marked whitish veil, also clothing the 
stem. Spores oblique with the ends a little pointed, dark dull brown, 6.5 x 4.8 g. 
South Australia — On horse dung, Mount Lofty. August. 
The South Australian plants differ from Kauffman 's description of Ps. mb- 
viscido in the absence of an umbo, in the gills not being subtriangular and sub- 
distant and in other minor particulars. From Ps. b-ulUwea (Bull.) Fr. they 
differ in the gills not being livid whitish then fuscous purple and somewhat 
triangular, ill the stem being darker and in the spores not being purple. Our 
species from the habitat is evidently introduced and for the present we place it 
provisionally under Ps. subvwcida Peck. 
216. Psilocybe musci del. et Cheek (L., museus, moss). — Pileus at first lin. 
(6 mm.) high and broad, conical or convex with a marked obtuse umbo, becoming 
nearly plane and gin. (10 mm.) across, hygrophanous, umbo a waxy yellow-brown, 
the rest dark brownish and striate or rugose, drying from the apex to a pallid 
brownish-white or tan, slightly viscid when moist, edge turned in when very 
young and closed with a veil, which occasionally leaves a slight, ring on the stem 
in older specimens. Gills rather distant, broad, greyish-brown to dingy dark 
brown, actuate to slightly deeurrent. Stem up to 1 lin. (5.1 cm.), slender, pallid 
brownish, somewhat silky striate, hollow. Plant rather tough, not fragile. Spares 
porphyry tinted, 7.5 to 9 and occasionally 10.5 x 5 to occasionally 6 p. Gregarious 
amongst moss on rocks in shady places. Now South Wales. South Australia — A 
purple-spored species growing amongst moss on the Greenh ill Road hi July may 
be this species. Julie to August. 
***Gills somewhat linear, ascending. 
217. Psilocybe stercicola Clel. (L., sterem, dung; colo, to dwell in). — Pileus 
3/16 to (rarely) 1-Jin. (4.5 to 31 mm.), convex, subgibbous or with a small Or 
acute umbo, then expanding, somewhat sticky when moist, edge ofteu striate 
when moist, hygrophanous, when moist dark brown (near Front's Brown, XV.; 
Bistre, xxix.; or Sepia, xxix.), when dry pale brownish (Clay Colour, XXIX. ; 
Antimony Yellow, xv. ; Pinkish Buff, xxix. ; or Cinnamon Buff, xxix.). Gills 
ascending, ruinate, moderately close, slightly ventricose, Fuscous (xlvi.), edges 
sometimes paler. Stem up to 2in. (5 cm.) high, slender, slightly flexuose, slightly 
striate, slightly mealy, sometimes with woolly mycelium at the base-, usually 
hollow, sometimes stuffed, pallid with a slight brownish tint to brownish. Spores 
elliptical, dark purplish brown to porphyry, 12 to 14.5 x 7 to 8 p. Always on 
dung (cow or horse). South Australia — National Park, Mount Lofty, Kuitpo. 
New South Wales. May, July, August. 
218. Psilocybe echinata Clel. (L., , echiimhts , covered with prickles). — When 
young, the pileus is nearly globular and both it and the stem are shaggy or 
ech inula te from projecting fibrils which are twisted into bundles on the pileus 
to form prominent granules like grains of brown sugar. Later the granules 
begin to disappear but the gills are hidden by a cobwebby veil which later also 
disappears. When adult, pileus about Jin. (18 null.), hemispherical then convex 
to nearly plane with a small umbo, slightly fibrillose when the granules disappear, 
edge inhumed when young, dark fuscous brown drying pale brown. Gills adnexed, 
close, narrow, reddish-brown becoming fuscous brown. Stem 1 to IJln. (2.5 to 
3.1 cm.), equal, at first clad with fibrils, then smooth, with some fluffy mycelium 
at the base, somewhat hollow, pallid becoming slightly brownish. Spores ellip- 
tical, oblique, bronze brown, 7 to 7.5 x -i p, Gregarious to subeaespitose at the 
base of rotten stumps and adjacent ground. South Australia — Mount Lofty. June. 
(Figure 24 B and C.) 
The shagginess disappears when the plants become adult, and this may lead to 
failure to recognise the species. The gills are hardly ascending as required in 
this subsection. 
II. No veil. Stem rigid. Pileus scarcely with a pellicle, but the flesh most 
frequently scissOe, hygrophanous. Gills adnexed, very rarely adnate. 
219. Psilocybe foenicesii (Pers. ) Fr. (L,, foeimecia, hay-harvest). — Pileus J to 
1 lin. (1.2 to 3 cm.), campnnulato-convex, obtuse, smooth, sometimes slightly 
rugose-striate, tending to crack when dry, dingy brown (near Snuff Brown to 
