OK SOUTH AUSTRALIA. 
145 
No species of this genus has been so far recognised with certainty in this 
State. Anellaria fimiputris (Bull.) Karst., more usually known as Pa-naeolus 
fimiputris (Bull.) Fr., is common in Britain on dung, in gardens, by roadsides, 
etc. Amongst the specimens — so common with us on dung — that we attribute to 
Paiuwolus retirugis there is much variation depending partly on weather con- 
ditions. In some the stem is readily ^parable from the pileus, there is a 
tendency for the pileus to be viscid and there is a definite fugacious ring above 
the middle of the stem. These approach very closely to Anellaria fimiputris, but 
as we seem able to trace all gradations from them to typical P. retirugis and as 
the colour of the stem is vinaceous brown rather than pallid, we attribute them 
to the latter. 
(h) Pileus confluent and homogeneous with the fleshy steal 
*Gills decurrent, mucilaginous. Spores greenish-fuscous or blackish. 
GOMPHIDIUS Fr. 
(Gr,, gomphos, a large wedge-shaped nail.) 
‘‘Pileus fleshy, regular, viscid. Stem central, fleshy. Gills decurrent, 
mucilaginous. Spores fuscous, olivaceous or blackish; fusiform or oblong, smooth, 
continuous. Cystidia cylindrical, projecting. Growing on the ground.’’ — Rea. 
No species yet recorded in Australia. 
(c) Ull.EUS CONFLUENT WITH, BUT HETEROGENEOUS FROM, THE CARTILAGINOUS STEM. 
*Gills actuate or sinun.to -adnate. 
t Margin, of pileus at first incurved or exceeding the gills. 
PAN AEOLUS Fr. 
(Gr., pangiolos, all variegated.) 
“Pileus slightly fleshy, regular, viscid or dry, margin exceeding the gills. 
Gills adnate or adnexed, variegated wit'll the dark spores. Spores black or 
fuscous black; elliptical, oblong ovate, boat shaped or almond shaped; with an 
apical germ-pore. Cystidia present. Growing on dung and rich soil, solitary 
or caespitose. ’ ’ — Rea. 
The species of Panaeolus are not numerous. Only four have been recognised in 
this State, but one of these is exceedingly common on dung. The species are mostly 
dung-inhabiting and have more or less conieo-campanulate or deeply convex caps, 
ascending clouded gills, slender stems and black spores usually with the ends 
constricted. Species of Panaeolws, gathered in mistake for mushrooms, are said 
to have given rise to symptoms of poisoning in other countries. 
KEY TO THE SPECIES. 
Pileus and stem white or whitish, large. On dung . . 221. Pmmeohis ovatus. 
Pileus hemispherical to conico-convex, smoky brown 
to pale grey, usually with reticulations and often 
with veil fragments round the edge. Stem striate, 
rather mealy, pallid vinaceous brownish. On dung 222. P. retirugis. 
I’ileus broadly conical with a dark zone near the edge 
when moist, light buff when dry. Gills adnate. Stem 
fuscous. Spores 14 to' 15 x 8 to 9 p 223. P. avummatus. 
Pileus conico-hemispherical, expanding, umber brown 
drying paler with a dark zone. Gills adnexed. Stem 
dark brown below. Spores 10 to 31 x 7.5 p. in 
swampy soil 224. P. palucbsus. 
