up SOT "I'M AUSTRALIA. 
159 
universal veil, stem short. Then conieo-cylindrieal to eonieo-conyex and tinallv 
plane with edge upturned and inrolled. Piieus when expanded t to ilia. (2.5 to 
5 cm.), striate to the rounded disc, covered densely with white fibrils or scurfy 
granules, lead-grey underneath, turning pallid brown at the apex. (Jills just free 
or just reaching the stem, narrow, rather close, blackish. Bing like a slight or 
definite volva at the base of the stem. Stem 2| to tin. (5.(5 to 1(1 cm.), rather 
stout, attenuated upwards, base at first bulbous, shaggy with upward-directed 
scales or fibrils, very hollow, with rooting mycelial threads at the base, white. 
Spores obliquely elliptical, black, 11 to 15 x 6.5 to 9.5 /*, sometimes 17.8 to 21 
x 12.5 n. Solitary or subcaespitose on dung or manured soil. South Australia — 
Parks ide Mental Hospital; Fullarton, on horse-dung; Beaumont; Waterfall Gully; 
Kalangadoo (S.E.) ; Kingoonva (East-West Lino). April t'o July, September, 
October. 
A mediumrsizcd species growing on dung or manured soil with a ring like 
a small volva at the base of the stem, the whole plant white at first with 
prominent fibrils on the piieus and stem. 
244. Coprinus sterquilinus Fr. var. radical us Clel. (L., radicatus, rooted).— 
When young ovate, then cylindrical with rounded apex, l jin. (3.1 cm.) high and 
lin. (2.5 cm.) broad, then expanding and becoming plane, suleat'e, the periphery 
splitting, clothed with narrow fibrous adherent scales, whitish becoming grey. 
At first with the edge turned in and closed by a. white veil which ruptures to 
leave at the base of the stem a free edge and a more or less complete loose ring, 
sometimes adherent to the edge of the piieus. Gills free, narrow (3.5 mm.), not 
ventrieose, purplish brown to dark grey becoming black, edges white. Stem 1] 
to PI in. (3.1 to (5.2 cm.), slightly fibrillose, attenuated upwards, hollow, below 
passing into a long- tapering root, \ to l-jiii. (1.2 to 3.7 cm.) in length. Flesh 
thin. Spores elliptical, black, 15 to 21 x 9 to 13 fi. Amongst grass on the 
ground. South Australia — Kinchina, Encounter Bay, Beaumont. May June 
August, .September. 
••Somewhat ringed, but not with a volva. Piieus dotted, or spotted with 
minute, innate squamules. 
245. Coprinus atramentarius (Bull.) Fr.? (L., atramentarius, inky). — Piieus 
up to 21 in. (6.2 cm.), at first conical, expanding t'o be finally upturned with a 
central umbo, dark grey with whitish furfuraceous fibrils. Grills adnate, close, 
very narrow, becoming black, at first with a white edge. Stem 4in. (10 cm.), 
slightly attenuated upwards, fibrillose, striate above, hollow, white. Spores 
elliptical, with one side more prominent, to almost triangular, black, 9.5 to 1 1 
x 7.3 n. Gaespitose. South Australia — On dead grass-tree (Xamthorrhoea ) , 
heath near Mount Burr (S.E.). May. 
The above differs from the description given by Rea of British specimens in 
Hie gills not being free, in the piieus not being noted as deeply sulcate, in the 
stem not being fusiform and in no basal ring being observed. Specimens collected 
near the Torrens Lake. Adelaide, in June approach nearer to British specimens, 
the piieus being ovate at first, finally expanding somewhat to 4in. (10 cm.)' 
somewhat sulcate and hoary, pale brownish especially towards the disc; gills 
free, ventrieose, whitish then brownish black; stem to 44in. (11 cm.), equaT or 
attenuated downwards, furrowed, fibrillose, slightly hollow, Whitish;' no ring 
recognised; spores oblique, bronze-coloured (probably immature), 8 to 9.3 x 4.8 /i. 
Specimens from the Botanic Gardens, Sydney, October, resemble these. 
-dfi. Coprinus arenacoleus Clel. ( L., avciui, sand; colons, inhabiting). — Piteus 
up to If in. (4.4 cm.), nearly hemispherical, then convex, striate, pale brownish. 
Gills ascending, just reaching the stem, broad, grey. Stem 11 to 6in. (3.7 to 15 
cm.), stout, attenuated upwards, a little striate, fibrous, not' hollow, with a rough 
raised ring at the junction of the lower and middle thirds, shining, whitish 
becoming slightly straw-coloured. Flesh thin, watery. Spores elliptical, black, 
13 to 17 x 7.5 fi. South Australia — In pure sand on a sand dune, Davenport 
Greek (E.P.). August. 
Specimens, apparently of this species, found at Henley Beach, April, were 
densely cnespitoso, attached to dead wood in sand on a sand-dune; the stem 
hollow; no apparent ring; spores 11.2 to 13 x 7.5 /i. 
