6 
THE VOYAGE OE H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
breadth in the anterior third, and with two lobes with large pointed processes on the 
anterior part of the pulp : Ascaris gallinulse and Ascaris philomelse from Gallinula 
chloropus and Luscinia philomela 1 (probably to be united with Ascaris ensicaudata ) ; 
Ascaris spiralis, Zed ., 2 from Bubo maximus and other Owls (with an upper lip, with 
the finger-shaped, anterior, terminal lobes of the pulp converging inwards, and not 
expanding outwards). In Ascaris microcephala, Rud ., 3 from Ardea comata, the accessory 
lips are as long as the principal lips, the upper lip and its aperture are quadrangular. 
It would thus appear that the Challenger form described above is a new species, and 
it is to be regretted that the host — doubtless some marine Vertebrate — is unknown. 
4. Ascaris diomedese, n. sp. (PI. I. figs. 12, 13). 
Specimen labelled : “ From the stomach of Diomedea brachyura, No. 344, June 1875.” 
The vessel contained two specimens. The length measured 35, the breadth 078 mm. ; 
the wrinkling of the cuticle is 0'013 mm. broad; the contour of the body is saw-like. 
The lips bear tooth-plates, and there are no accessory lips. The upper lip is broad and 
inconspicuous, and rounded off laterally. It exhibits anteriorly a small round protru- 
sion, and to the inside of the latter a projection with tooth-plates. At a distance of 079 
mm. from the end of the body, to right and left in the lateral lines are two large, semi- 
conical nuchal papillae, measuring 0 - 046 mm. The oesophagus lies rather towards the 
dorsal side, and at its passage into the intestine bends round at right angles, extending 
backwards along the ventral side. At the point of union with the intestine a caecum is 
given off, 072 mm. in breadth. This extends forwards on the ventral side of the 
oesophagus for 1'8 mm., while a second and broader, 0*24 mm. in diameter anteriorly, runs 
backwards for 27 mm. along the dorsal surface of the intestine. The oesophagus occupies 
jJg, the rounded tail ^4 of the total length. The specimens are not sexually mature. 
Ascaris arctica, von Linstow, 4 from the Kiel Zoological Museum, discovered in 
Diomedea leucops, in the North Pacific, bears no resemblance to the form described 
above from Diomedea brachyura, Temm. 5 The upper lip is semicircular with an 
anterior point, the oesophagus is proportionately much larger, for it occupies 8 -^ of the 
entire length. The upper lip of Ascaris diomedese most resembles that of Ascaris 
tiara, von Linstow, 6 from Varanus ornatus, in which the oesophagus occupies V of the 
entire length. The differences in the structure of the head make a union of the two 
forms impossible, and the two hosts also certainly hint at two distinct species. 
1 Wurttemb. naturw. Jahresh., xxv., 1879, pp. 321, 322, pi. v. figs. 4, 5. 
2 Archiv f. Naturgesch., Jahrg. xli. Bd. i., 1875, pp. 203, 204, pi. iv. figs. 30, 31, A. 
3 Von Linstow, op. cit., Jahrg. xlix. Bd. i., 1883, pp. 276, 277, pi. iv. figs. 1, 2. 
4 Archiv f. Naturgesch., Jahrg. xlvi. Bd. i., 1880, p. 42, pi. iii. figs. 2, 3. 
6 Report on the Birds, Zool. Chall. Exp., part viii. pp. 147, 148. 
6 Wurttemb. naturw. Jahresh., 1879, p. 320, pi. v. fig. 1. 
