REPOET ON THE TETRACTINELLIDA, 
Iv 
each end a rhahdus amphitornota results, M'hich we shall call a “ tornote.” The corre- 
sponding equivalent used by Bowerbank is “ hastately pointed.” Although the adjective 
“tornote” is here used in a substantive sense, it will not be necessary to convert it into 
“tornotate” when used adjectively, the context will always make sufficiently clear the 
sense in which it is used. 
2>. Strongyle [crTpoyyv\o<i, y, ov, rounded) (Fig. X., c). A rhabdus well rounded 
off at each end. It will be convenient to convert this into “ strongylate ” when it is 
used as an adjective. Bowerbank’s term for strongylate is “ cylindrical.” 
4. Tylote (rvXojrog, knobbed; ponaXa TvKcord, clubs knobbed with iron) (Fig. X., d). 
A rhabdus terminating in a knob-like thickening at each end. No change will be made 
in the form of this word when it is used adjectively. The corresponding term used by 
Bowerbank is “bicapitate cylindrical.” 
(6) Forms of rhabdus with dissimilar terminations — 
5. Strongyloxea. — A rhabdus with a strongylate esactine and oxeate ecactine. This 
corresponds to one form of Bowerbank’s “acuate.” 
6. Tylotoxea (Fig. X., f ). — The esactine of the rhabdus is tylote, and the ecactine 
oxeate. This corresponds to one form of Bowerbank’s “ spinulate.” 
7. Oxy strongyle. — The esactine is oxeate and the ecactine strongylate. This form 
is not distinguished by Bowerbank from the strongyloxea (acuate, Bowerbank). 
8. Oxytylote (Fig. X., e). — -The esactine is oxeate, and the ecactine tylote. This 
form is not distinguished by Bowerbank from the tylotoxea (acuate, Bowerbank). 
9. Oxyclad (o|us, kXcISo^, 6, a young branch). The esactine is oxeate, the ecactine 
terminates in two or more secondary actines or “ cladi.” 
10. Strongyloclad. — The esactine is strongylate, the ecactine cladose. 
11. Tyloclad. — The esactine is tylote and the ecactine cladose. This and the two 
preceding terms will require to be used but seldom, since the number of cladi is usually 
three, and in this case, that of the most commonly characteristic spicule of the Tetrac- 
tinellida, a special term will be used to designate the spicule, as in the following 
paragraph. 
The Trisene^ {rplaiva, y, a trident). 
This is a special case of the cladose rhabdus, in which the number of cladi proceeding 
from the ecactine is limited to three, which make with each other an angle of 120°. 
1 Although the trisene is here regarded as derived from a rhahdus by the appearance of three branches at its distal 
termination, yet the terminology employed does not exclude the other way of regarding it which is advocated by 
Vosmaer, for if as Vosmaer — possibly quite rightly — supposes it has been derived from a tetraxon, still the three distal 
actines — as they would be called on this theory — have become so far differentiated that they require to be distinguished, 
and may without prejudice be spoken of as branches or cladi. 
