107 
Russia, &c. In some parts of the Continent the Carex 
ornithopoda is found associated with Carex dlgitata, but 
whether the former is a stunted, starved form of the latter, 
as Crepin surmises, or whether they are specifically distinct, 
are matters for further investigation. The intermixture of 
closely allied, but distinct, species is by no means infrequent, 
and their occurrence in immediate association with each 
other is not necessarily a proof of their common origin. 
Thus Erytlircm Centaurium Pers., E. littoralis, Fries, and 
E. pidchella, Fries, are frequently found intermixed; Medi- 
cago eu-falcata and M. sylvestris, Fries, grow together on 
the Norfolk coast, and Statice Behen, Drejer, occurs side by 
bide with S. Bahusiensis, Fries, in the estuary of the Wyre 
opposite Fleetwood. The botanist who studies the living 
plant and notes the habits and surroundings readily separates 
these amd other allied species, and there is little difficulty in 
differentiating Carex ornithopoda^ from C. digitata, its 
shorter rhizome and cymose spikes being the most manifest 
characters for identifying it from the last named species. 
As it may occur in other localities in the district, Mr. Bailey 
mentioned the following as the more striking characters ot 
the two plants : 
Carex digitata, L, 
Carex ornithopoda, Willd. 
Bracts Membranaceous 
Female Spikes Distant; erect; with large 
fruits 
Glumes of Fruits... A ttaining the base of the 
beak 
Beak op Fruit One-eleventh the length 
of the fruit 
Shorter than those of 
C. digitata. 
Condensed ; curving out- 
wards ; lighter in co- 
lour, and shorter than 
in C. digitata. 
Not reaching the base of 
the beak. 
One-fifteenth the length 
of the fruit — which is 
a shade smaller than 
that of C, digitata. 
A full account of the more minute differences between 
the two species will be found in Crdpin’s |)aper, in YoL 
XVIII Memoires couronne^s et autres mdmoires publide par 
I’Academie de Belgique (1865), 
