114 
meiits wliicli liave been found in Switzerland belonging to 
the Neolithic and Bronze ages. On the other hand traces 
of earlier inhabitants have only been found as yet in 
Switzerland in two caves at Saleve and Yilleneuve, on the 
west side of the country, and in the cave at Thayingen at 
the extreme east. In each articles of human workmanship 
have been found in association with bones of animals. 
The examination of this last cave, which is called the 
“ kessler loch,” or kettle cave, since the Gipsy tinkers had 
often used it, was begun in the early part of 1874. It is 
situated in the Jura limestone, a few miles from Schafi- 
hausen, but since it is rather a hollow in the rock it scarcely 
deserves the name of a cave. A full description of the 
fauna found here will shortly be published, with the assist- 
a-nce of Professors Biittimeyer and Fraas, and until this has 
appeared it is impossible to give any exact list ; but pro- 
bably the following though not complete will be found 
correct : — Ursus arctos, Canis lagopus, Gulo borealis, Elephas 
primigenius. Bos priniigenius, Canis vulpes, Lepus variabilis, - - 
Arctomys marmotta, Cervus tarandus and perhaps Cervus 
elejdias and Equus. This is very similar to the lists from the 
other caves, and the animals belong to the upper pleistocene 
group. Nor does the similarity end in Switzerland, for 
besides the same animals some of the harpoons and other 
weapons have an extraordinary resemblance to some from 
the caves of South France, and sufficient with those of some 
parts of Germany and South England to show that the 
same race of men had a wide rano’e. 
O 
In the periods which were brought under our notice 
last meeting we saw that the inhabitants of these dwellings 
were herdsmen and ffirmers, who cultivated the land, had 
several domestic animals, followed the chase, erected houses, 
skilfully worked stones into implements and afterwards 
used bi'onze tools, made pottery, spun and wove flax and 
bast, with which they made clothes and nets ; but when we 
