L E O 
LEP 
do 
LEP 
CO IX 
hug 
to 
Tycho, thh 
■tv -SI 
■von ; and 
in (he 
od in a loamy border to an eastern 
aspect : 
TV 4 
ic e 
atalogue, tl 
icre 
are no le 
;s than 
and if they 
are covered closely with t 
i bell or 
nhu 
:ty-tour. 
'I he star 
ea!!e 
d the lion's 
i-heu.'t. 
hand glass 
to exclude the air, and 
shaded 
cor 
ico; 
us, 
regums an 
d i a 
sdicus, is 
a fixed 
from the sun, it will forward their 
putting 
star 
ot t 
he ii 
xst inugnitu 
- 'e. 
forth roots 
As soon as they hav 
e taken 
1 
_E( > 
NT 
IC E, ti a V 
ioj 
a genus 
of the 
good root, 
they should be taken 
up and 
jnor 
“g) 
'r.ia 
ord. r, in t 
he 1 
lexnndria i 
a lass of 
planted eac 
h in a separate pot tilled • 
w. th soft 
pi.mts ; 
am 
i in the nat 
.ural 
method r 
a nking 
loamy eart! 
i, and placed in the shade 
tili they 
tlllG 
er ; 
lie : 
l ith order, 
corydales. 'I 
'he co- 
have taken 
new root. In October th 
ey must 
roll; 
i is 
he> 
lapetalou s ; 
the 
iieclnnum 
hex a- 
be remover 
i into the greenhouse. 
pl-y 
lion 
S st 
.ending on 
the 
heels of 
tlie co- 
LEO PA 
RD. See Felis. 
I, w 
Ilou: 
ith ii 
ts !i:ni> put* 
int; 
the calyx 
. h-xa- 
Leopar 
ids bans. See Doronicum. 
phy 
V ai 
; rd- deciduous. 
There are 
three 
LEPAS, 
a genus of vermes testae 
ea : the 
species, natives of the southern parts of Eu- 
rope, two of which are sometimes cultivated 
in this country. These are, 1. The chry- 
sogonuni with winged leaves; and 2'. 'I he 
ieontopetalum with decompounded leaves. 
.But those plants are natives of the Archipe- 
lago islands, and also grow in the corn-fields 
about Aleppo m Syria, where they flower 
soon after Christmas. 
LEON 1 ODON, danddinn: a genus of 
the polygamia a?qualis order, in the synge- 
jiesia class ot plants; and in the natural me- 
thod ranking under the 49th order, composi- 
te. 1 he receptacle is naked; the calyx im- 
bricated, with the scales somewhat loose ; the 
of ! !ulu r Im h!? 1 J\ !* ier< L- f!' 6 f0Ur . s P cc ‘ es , ! tetradynamia cla s of plants ; and in the na- 
11 ^ rema, kable one is the ta- ' tural nie thocl ranking under the 39th order, 
raxacum, or comiTion dandelion found on *i* rpt , 
fhp r„ a ,i In 1 1m sdiquosffi. _ Die silicula is emargmated, cor- 
animal a triton, shell affixed at the base, and I 
consisting of many unequal erect valves. The 
lepas antifera, or tluck-bernacle, lias the shell \ 
compressed, five-valved, 'smooth, seated on 
a bernacle. It inhabits most seas, and is 
found fixed in clusters to the bottom of 
vessels, and old pieces of floating timber, 
generally whitish with a blue cast, the mar- 
gins of the valves yellow; sometimes marked 
with black; peduncle long, coriaceous, 
black, and much wrinkled towards the shell, 
and growing paler and pellucid towards the 
base. See Plate Nat. Hist. fig. 243. 
LEPIDIUM, dittander, or pspper- 
tiort: a genus of the siliculosa: order, in the 
tne road sides, in pastures, and on the banks 
of ditches. Early in the spring, the leaves 
whilst yet white and hardly unfolded are an 
excellent ingredient in sallads. The French 
eat the roots and tender leaves with bread and 
butter. Children that eat it in the evening 
dated, and polyspermous, with the valves 
carinated contrary or broader than the par- 
tition. There are 23 species, of which the 
only remarkable one is the latifolium or com- 
mon dittander. This is a native of many 
u v i.- L ■ ^ i parts of England. The whole plant has a 
whu-h k tho * 1 ‘“7 ■ ! c . eliec . ts 111 lie .. n '? lt ’ i hot biting ta,te like pepper; and the leaves 
Wl> - c ,- , ° l 1 s V 1 f a . r a PP e 'lation. - h uve ]j een often used by the country-people 
i e i warn o ocusts had destroyed the t o give a relish to them viands -instead of that 
harvest in the island of Minorca, many of 
the inhabitants subsisted upon this plant. 
The expressed juice has been given to the 
quantity of four ounces three or four times 
a day; and Boerhaave had a great opinion 
of the utility of this and other lactescent 
plants in visceral obstructions. Goats eat 
it; swine devour it greedily ; sheep and cows 
are not fond of it, and horses refuse it. Small 
birds are fond of the seeds. 
LEONURUS, lion's tail ; a genus of the 
spice, whence the plant has got the appel- 
lation of poor man’s pepper. It is reckoned 
an antiscorbutic, and was formerly used in- 
tend of the horseradish scurvy-grass. 
LEPI OOLITE. See Lilalite. 
LEPIDOPTERA, in zoology, an order i 
of insects with four wings, which are covered 
with imbricated squamulx : add to this that 
the mouth is commonly spiral. 
Under this order are comprehended the 
gymnospermia order, in the didynamia class phalsena, sphinx, and papil'ro genera, 
tot plants : and in the natural method ranking | LEPISMA, the name of a genus of in- 
under the 42nd order, verticillate. The an- sects of the order aptera. The generic 
thera’ are powdered with shining points, or character is, legs six, formed for running ; 
small elevated globular particles. \ mouth with two setaceous and two headed 
1 he species are: 1. 1 he Africana, with feelers; body imbricated with two minute 
spear-shaped leaves, a native ot Ethiopia, scales ; tail furnished with extended bristles. 
1 he flowers are produced in whorls, each of i The Limisean genus lepisma is far from 
the branches having two or three of these ' extensive, those enumerated by Linnaeus 
whorls towards their ends. They are of the 
lip-kind, shaped somewhat like those of the 
dead-nettle ; but are much longer, and co- 
vered with short hairs. They are of a golden 
scarlet colour, so make a fine appearance. 
2. The uepetaefolia, with oval leaves, a native 
of the Cape of Good Hope. Tire flowers 
come out in whorls like those of the former 
sort, but are not so long nor so deep-co- 
loured. They appear at the same season with 
the first, and continue as long in beauty. 
There are three other species, but the above 
are the most remarkable. 
Both sorts are propagated by cuttings, 
which should be exposed to the air long 
enough to harden the shoots, and planted in 
the beginning of July, after which they will 
take root very freely. They should bo plant- 
himself in the twelfth edition of the Systema 
Naturae amounting to no more than three 
species. 
Of these the chief is the lepisma saccha- 
rina (See Plate Nat. Hist. tig. 245), fre- 
quently called in our own country, from its 
peculiar colour and tapering form, by the 
name of the wood-fish. This is an insect of 
great elegance. Its general length, exclu- 
sive of the caudal bristles, is about half an 
inch, and its colour a bright silvery grey, 
resembling that of pearls; this colour is 
owing to a covering of extremely minute 
oval scales, which are semitransparent, very 
easily detached from the animal by a slight 
touch; the head and thorax together form a 
rounded outline, the remainder of the body 
gradually lessening to the tail, which termi- 
nates in three long bristles, of similar appear- 
ance with the antenna:. The motions of 
this animal are remarkably quick, and it is- 
often observed among various domestic ar- 
ticles, particularly sugar. It also occurs not 
unU'equenliy among old books and papers, 
which it is supposed often to injure, it is 
said to be originally an American animal, 
and to have been imported into Europe 
among sugars, &c. Dr. Browne, in his His- 
tory of Jamaica, represents it as “ extremely 
destructive to books and all maimer of wool- 
len clothes.” 
Lepisma polypus Lin. is of a dusky or 
brownish cast, and has a springing or leaping 
motion when disturbed. It is lound about 
the sea-coast of many northern regions, under 
stones, &c. 
LEPROSY. See Medicine. 
LEPTURA, the name of a genus of in- 
sects of the order coleoplera : the generic, 
character is, antennae setaceous ; wing-sheaths, 
attenuated towards the tip ; thorax sub- 
cylindric. The genus leptura, greatly al- 
lied to that of cerambyx, contains several 
species of considerable beauty ; among which, 
may be reckoned the leptura arcuata, of a 
black colour, with the wing-sheaths marked, 
by transverse, yellow, lunated bands pointing 
backwards; it is found in woods during the 
summer months, and generally measures 
about three quarters of an inch in length. 
Leptura arietis is of nearly similar appear-*- 
ance, but the second band of the wing-sheaths- 
is directed forwards ; both the above insects 
are by some referred to the genus cerambyx. 
Leptura aquatica is so named from its 
being particularly found in the neighbour- 
hood of waters, frequenting the plants which 
grow near the water’s edge. It is about half 
an inch in length, and of a golden green-co- 
lour, sometimes varying into copper-colour,, 
purple, or blue, and is distinguished by hav- 
ing a tooth or process on the thighs of the 
hind legs. 
The larvae of (he leptura: in general are 
probably allied to those of the cerambyces,' 
but they are at present little known. 
LEPUS, hare, a genus of quadrupeds of 
the order glires. The generic character is, 
front-teeth two both above and below, the 
upper pair duplicate; two small interior ones 
standing behind the exterior. This genus, 
when considered with anatomical exactness, 
exhibits particularities of structure, deviating 
somewhat from that o®the glires, and making 
an indistinct approach to the pecora or rumi- 
nants. It has even been supposed that the 
common hare actually ruminates ; an opi- 
nion owing not only to the peculiar motions 
of the mouth, which present an obscure ap- 
pearance of rumination, but to the structure 
of the stomach, which is marked into two 
regions by a particular fold or ridge. Other 
singularities relative to internal formation 
may be met with in the works of comparative 
anatomists. The most remarkable species are, 
1. Lepus timidus, common hare. The 
hare is an animal so familiarly known as to 
supersede the necessity of any very minute 
description. It is a native not onlv of every 
part of Europe, but of almost every part of 
the old continent. It may perhaps be doubt- 
ed whether it is an aboriginal native of any 
part ot America. 
The favourite residence of the hare is in 
rich and somewhat dry and fiat grounds, and 
it is rarely discovered in very hilly or mount- 
