MINERALOGY. 
nassivc- and disseminated, dull, opaque, does 
lot soil, writes like drawing-slate, is easily 
Frangible, and adheres strongly to the tongue. 
It is found imbedded in rocks of the floetz 
:rap formation, in Poland, and in the isle ot 
sky, but is very rare, and found only in 
Small quantities. 
Thirty-second species. Yellotv Earth. 
. The colour is ochre-yellow, of different 
degrees of intensity ; it is massive, streak 
somewhat shining, soils, writes, is very soft, 
adheres pretty strongly to the tongue, and 
Ifeels .somewhat greasy. It occurs in beds 
(with iron-stone, in Upper Saxony, and is em- 
ployed as a pigment. 
j To the clay genus, likewise, belong ad- 
hesive slate, float-stone, pimte, and umber, 
which may be considered as recent disco- 
veries. 
FIFTH GENUS. 
Talc Genus. 
First species. Bole. 
Its colour is cream-yellow, passing into vari- 
ous other shades ; is commonly massive, very 
soft, easily frangible, feels greasy, gives a shin- 
ing streak, adheres to the tongue, and is 
light. It occurs in rocks belonging to the 
newest floetz trap, formation, and is found in 
bed of vvacce or basalt, in Silesia, Italy, &c. 
|lt was formerly employed in medicine, but is 
now used only as a pigment. 
Second species. Native Talc Earth. 
The colour is yellowish-grey, passing into 
cream-yellow. It occurs massive, tuberose, 
and of other shapes ; is internally dull, almost 
opaque, soft, frangible without much difficulty, 
| and adheres a little to the tongue. 
It is found in beds of serpentine, but only 
i hitherto in Moravia. 
Third species. Meerschaum. 
The usual colour is yellowish-white. It 
I occurs massive, is internally dull, opaque, 
streak shining, is soft, adheres strongly to the 
tongue, feels a little greasy, and is nearly 
swimming. It is principally found in Na- 
! toiia, in Samos, Hungary, Moravia, Spain, 
I and America. It is much used in the manu- 
I facture of heads of tobacco-pipes. It -is said 
that the Turks eat it as a medicine. 
Fourth species. Fuller's Earth. 
The colours are greenish-white, grey, 
olive, and oil-green. It is massive; inter- 
nally dull, usually opaque, gives a shining 
streak, is very soft, feels greasy, and is not 
particularly heavy. 
I It is found in different situations in Eng- 
land, Saxony, Alsace, and Sweden; and is of 
1 essential use in cleansing woollen cloth, from 
which property it receives its name. 
Fifth species. Neaphrite, 
Which see. 
Sixth species. Steatite. 
The principal colour is white, of which it 
presents many varieties. It occurs massive, 
•disseminated, in crusts, and chrystaliized in 
six sided prisms. Internally it is dull, streak 
shilling, very soft, rather difficultly frangible, 
. and feels greasv. 
It is found in beds and veins in serpentine 
in Norway, Sweden, Saxony, England, Scot- 
land, and China. It is used in the manufac- 
ture of porcelain, and for other purposes. 
Seventh species. Serpentine, 
Which see. 
Eighth species. Schiller-Stone. 
Its colour is olive-green, usually dissemi- 
nated and massive ; lustre shining, is soft, 
slightly brittle, and easily frangible. It oc- 
curs imbedded in serpentine, and is found in 
the Ilarz, in Saxony, Cornwall, and Ayr- 
shire. It is often confounded with Labradore 
hornblende. 
Ninth species. Talc. 
This is divided into three sub- species. 
1 . Earthy talc is of an intermediate colour 
between greenish-white and light greenish- 
grey ; friable, strongly glimmering, soils a 
little, feels rather greasy, and occurs in tin 
veins near Freyberg in Saxony. 
2. Common, or Venetian talc, is princi- 
pally of an apple-green colour, massive and 
disseminated, and in delicate and small tabu- 
lar chrvstals. It is almost always splendent 
and shining, translucent, in thin leaves trans- 
parent, llexible, but not elastic; soft, easily 
frangible, feels very greasy, and approaches 
to light. 
It is almost wholly confined to the primi- 
tive mountains, where it is found imbedded in 
serpentine, and also in veins. It is found in 
the Tyrolese Alps, in Switzerland, and in 
Saxony. 
3. Indurated talc is of a greenish-grey co- 
lour, of various degrees of intensity, occurs 
massive, is shining, passing to glistening, 
strongly translucent on the edges, soft, feels 
rather greasy, and is frangible without parti- 
cular difficulty. It is found in primitive 
mountains in Tyrol, Austria, Scotland, and 
the Shetland isles. 
Tenth species. Ashest. 
See Asbestos. 
Eleventh species. Cyanite, 
Which see. 
Tiveljth species. Actynolite 
Is divided into the following sub-species: 
1 . Asbestous actynolite is of a greenish-grey 
colour, occurs massive, disseminated, and ir 
capillary chrystals ; is internally glistening, 
translucent on the edges, soft, brittle, not 
easily frangible, nor particularly heavy. It 
is found in mineral beds in Saxony, and other 
parts of Germany. 
2. Common actynolite is generally of a 
green leek-colour, passing into other shades 
of the same; it occurs massive, and likewise 
chrystaliized in very oblique six-sided prisms, 
is splendent externally, semi-hard, rather 
brittle, and not easily frangible. 
It is found in beds in primitive mountains, 
in Saxony, Switzerland, Norway, and Scot- 
land. 
3. Glassy actynolite' is principally of a 
mountain-green colour, of various degrees of 
intensity; occurs massive, or in thin six-sided 
acicular chrystals, is shining and vitreous, 
strongly translucent, brittle, easily frangible, 
semi-hard, and is found in similar situations 
with the preceding. 
Thirteenth species. Tremolite. 
This is divided into the following sub- 
species : 
1. Asbestous tremolite is of a whitish co- 
lour with a tinge of yellow, grey, red, or 
green: it occurs massive, and in capillary 
207 
and acicular chrystals ; internally glistening, 
very soft, easily frangible, and translucent on 
the edges. 
2. Common tremolite is nearly of the 
same colour as the preceding, occm> massive, 
and in long and very oblique four-sided 
prisms: internally, is shining and glistening, 
translucent and semi-transparent, semi-hard, 
and pretty easily frangible. 
3. Glassy tremolite is yellowish, reddish, 
greyish, and greenish-white ; occurs massive, 
and chrystaliized. Internally, is shining and 
pearly ; is composed of very thin prismatic 
concretions, which are again collected into 
very thick prismatic concretions. It is trans- 
lucent, brittle, and pretty easily frangible,, 
and is said to emit a phosphoric light when 
rubbed -in the . dark. 
"Tremolite is principally found imbedded in 
primitive mountains, particularly the moun- 
tains of Tremol a, in Switzerland. It is also 
found in different parts of Germany, and in 
Scotland. 
Sahlite, lately discovered in Sweden, like- 
wise belongs to the talc genus. 
SIXTH GENUS. 
Calc Genus. 
First species- Rock Milk.- 
Tfs colour is yellowish-white; it is com- 
posed of dully, dusty particles generally 
weakly cohering, feels meagre yet line, soils 
very much, and is very light. It is found in 
fissures and holes of mountains composed of 
tloetz lime- stone, in Switzerland. 
Second species. Chalk. 
Its colour is principally all yellowish- 
white : it occurs massive, disseminated, and 
as crust over flint. Internally, is dull, opaque, 
soils, writes, soft, sometimes very soft, very 
easily frangible, feels meagre, and rather 
rough; effervesces strongly with acids, and is 
found principally on the sea-coast, though the 
Chiltern range in England is wholly composed 
of it. It is used for polishing and cleansing 
metals, glass, &c. and in some places - as a 
manure, and cement in building. 
Third species. Lime-Stone 
Is divided into several sub-species : 
1 . Compact lim, e-stone is of two varieties 1 , 
common compact lime-stone, and roe-stone. 
The former is generally of a grey colour, but 
is frequently veined, zoned, striped, or cloud- 
ed; occurs massive, and in rolled pieces; is 
translucent on the edges, semi-hard, brittle, 
pretty easily frangible ; is almost entirely con- 
fined, like lime in general, to the floetz 
mountains; occurs in sand, stone, and coal 
formations, in England, Scotland, and many 
other countries ; and is frequently used for 
building or making roads, or, when burnt, for 
manure and cement. 
The latter, or roe-stone, is of a chesnut- 
brown colour, is massive; internally dull, 
composed of small and fine-grained globular 
distinct concretions ; semihard, brittle, not 
very easily frangible; occurs in beds in con- 
siderable quantities in Saxony,, and is- solely 
used for manure, for which its admixture 
with marl admirably fits it.. 
2. Foliated limestone is likewise of two 
kinds, granular limestone, and calc spar 
(figs. 18. and 19.). The former is c unmanly 
i whitish, but presents many varieties of that 
I colour ; is massive, occurs almost always ii> 
