560 
R E M 
RELATIVE TERMS, in logic, are words 
which imply a relation; such are master and 
servant, husband and wife, &c. 
In grammar, relative words are those 
which answer to some other word foregoing, 
called tiie antecedent; such are the relative 
pronouns, qui, quae, quod, &c. and in English, 
who, whom, which, ike. The word answering 
to these relatives is often understood as, I 
know whom you mean, for, I know (the per- 
son) whom you mean. 
RELEASE, in law, is an instrument in 
writing, by which estates, rights, titles, entries, 
actions, and other things, are extinguished 
and discharged ; and sometimes transferred, 
abridged, or enlarged ; and in general, it sig- 
nifies one person’s giving up or discharging 
the right or action he has, or claims to have, 
against another, or his lands, &c. 
A release may be either in fact or in law ; 
a release in fact is where it is expressly declar- 
ed, by the very words, as the act and deed 
of the party ; and a release in law is that 
which acquits by way of consequence, as 
where a feme creditor takes the debtor to be 
her husband. 
RELIiANdA, a genus of the class and 
order syngvnesiu polygamia superflua. The 
calyx is imbricate, scariose ; corollets of the 
ray many; pappus membranaceous ; recept. 
chaffy. There are lG species, herbs of the 
Case. 
RELIEF, in law, a certain sum of money 
which the tenant holding by knight’s service, 
grand serjeantry, or other tenure (for which 
homage, or legal service, is due), and being at 
full age at the death of his ancestor, paid to 
his lord at his entrance. 
RELIEVE, in a military sense, is to send 
off those men that are upon duty, and to 
bring others to take their place; thus, to re- 
lieve’ the guard, the trenches, &e. is to bring 
fresh men upon duty, and to discharge those 
who were upon duty before. 
RELIEVO, and Relief, are terms ap- 
pU -a to that mode of working in sculpture by 
which figures are made to project from the 
ground or body on which they are formed, 
and to which they remain attached. The 
same term is used,' whether the figure is cut 
with the chisel, modelled in clay, or cut in 
metal or plaister. 
There are three kinds of relievo : 
Alto-relievo, or high relief, when the 
funires are so prominent from the ground, 
that merely a small par; of them remains 
attached to it. 
Mezzo-relievo, or half- relief, when one 
liaff of the figure rises from the ground, in 
suc h a manner that the figure appears di- 
vided by it. r , N 
Basso-relievo, or bas-relief (low relief), 
when the work is raised but little from the 
a round, as in medals, and generally in friezes 
and other ornamented parts of buildings. 
Bas-relief is the comprehensive term by 
which all works in relievo are denominated 
indiscriminately. See Scut pture. 
Rfllevg, or RdH, m painting, is the de- 
„, e e oi boldness with which the figures seem, 
f? t a due distance, to stand out from the 
around of the painting. See Painting. 
b RELIGION. Seditious words in deroga- 
tion of the established religion are indictable, 
I,, tending to a breach of tne peace. 1 claw .7. 
RE TAIN DEB, m l aw > u an estate limited 
hem 
in lands, tenements, or rents, to be enjoyed 
after the expiration of another particular 
estate. 
An estate in remainder is an estate limited 
to take effect and be enjoyed after another 
estate is determined. As it a man seised in 
fee simple grants lands to one for 20 years, 
and after the determination of the said term, 
then to another and his heirs for ever : here 
the former is tenant for years, remainder to 
the latter in fee. In the first place, an estate 
for years is created or carved out of the fee, 
and given to the former, and the residue and 
the remainder of it is given to the latter. Both 
their interests are in fact only one estate ; the 
present term of years, and the remainder af- 
terwards, when added together, being equal 
only to one estate in fee. 2 Black, c. 1 J. 
1'he word remainder is no term of art, nor 
is it necessary to create a remainder. So 
that any word's sufficient to shew the intent 
of the party, will create a remainder; be- 
cause such estates take their denomination of 
remainder more from the nature and manner 
of their existence after they are limited, than 
from any previous quality inherent in the 
word. See Fearne on Remainders. 
There is this difference between a re- 
mainder and a reversion: in case of a rever- 
sion, jthe estate granted, after the limited time, 
reverts to the grantor or his heirs; but by a 
remainder it goes to some third person, or a 
stranger. 
REMEMBRANCERS, antiently called 
clerks of the remembrance, certain officers in 
the exchequer, whereof three are distinguish- 
ed by the names of the king’s remembrancer, 
the lord treasurer’s remembrancer, and the 
remembrancer of the first fruits. The king’s 
remembrancer enters in his office all recog- 
nizances taken before the barons, for any of 
the king’s debts, for appearances, or observ- 
ing of orders; he also takes all bonds for the 
king’s debts, &c. and makes out processes 
thereon. 1 le likewise issues processes against 
the collectors of the customs, excise, and 
others, for their accounts ; and informations 
upon penal statutes are entered and sued in 
his office, where all proceeding in matters 
upon English bills in the exchequer-chamber 
remain. His duty further is to make out the 
bills of compositions upon penal laws, to lake 
the statement of debts ; and into his office 
are delivered all kinds of indentures ancl 
other evidences, which concern the assuring 
of any lands to the crown. lie every year, 
in crastino Animarum, reads in open court 
the statute for election of sheriff's ; and like- 
wise openly reads in court, the oaths of all 
the officers, when they are admitted. 
The lord treasurer’s remembrancer is 
charged to make out process against all she- 
riffs, escheators, receivers, and bailiffs, for 
their accounts. He also makes out writs of 
fieri facias, and extent Tor debts due to the 
king, either in the pipe or with the auditors ; 
and process for all such revenue as is due to 
the 1 king, on account of his tenures. He 
takes the account of sheriffs ; and also keeps a 
record, bv which it appears whether the she- 
riffs or other accountants pay their profers 
due at Easter and Michaelmas ; and at the 
same time he makes a record, wherebv the 
sheriffs or other accountants keep their pre- 
fixed days; there are likewise brought int 
tiffs office ali the accounts of customers, 
comptrollers, and accountants, in order to 
it e n 
make entry thereof on record; also all 
estreats anil amercements are certified here, 
&c. 
The remembrancer of the first fruits takes 
all compositions and bonds for the payment 
of first fruits and tenths ; and makes 'out pro- 
cess against such as do not pay the same. 
REMIT, in commerce. To remit a sum 
of money, bill, or the like, is to send the sum 
of money, &c. 
REMITTER, in law, is where one that 
lias a right to lands, but is out of possession, 
has afterwards the freehold east upon him by' 
some subsequent defective title, and enters 
by virtue or that title; in this case the law 
remits him to his antient and more certain 
right, and by an equitable fiction supposes 
him to have gained possession in consequence 
and by virtue thereof; and this, because he 
cannot possibly obtain judgment at law, to be 
restored to his prior right, since he is himself 
the tenant of the land. 3 Black. ] 90. 
REMORA, the sucking-Jhh. bee Eche- 
NEIS. 
REMOVER, in law, is where a suit is re- 
moved or taken out of one court into another ; 
and is the opposite of remanding a cause, or 
sending it back into the same court whence it 
was first called. 
RENDER, in law, is used in levying a 
fine: which is either single, whereby nothing 
is granted or rendered back again bv the 
cognieee to the cognizor ; or double, which 
contains a grant or render back again of some 
real common, or other thing, out of the land 
itself to the cognizor. 
RENDEZVOUS, or Rendevous, a 
place appointed to meet in, at a certain day 
and hour. 
RENEALMIA, in botany, a genus of the 
moqogynia order, belonging to the monan- 
dria class of plants. The corolla is trifid ; 
the nectarium oblong ; the calyx monophyl- 
lous; the antifora sessile, opposite to the 
nectarium; the berry is fleshy. There is 
only one species, a native of Surinam. 
REN T, is a certain profit issuing yearly, 
out ot lands and tenement corporeal. 
There are at common law three kinds of 
rents; rent service, rent charge, and rent seek, 
or rack rent. 
Rent service is where the tenant holds his 
land of his lord by fealty and certain rent ; or 
by homage, .fealty, and certain rent; or by 
other service and certain rent ; and it is called 
a rent service, because it has seme corj oral 
service incident to it, which at least is fealtv. 
Rent charge is so called because the land for 
payment of it is charged with a distress. 
Rent seek, or rack rent, is where the land is. 
granted without any clause of distress for the 
same. 1 Inst. 1 4 1 . 
The time for payment of rent, a id conse- 
quently for a demand, is such a convenient 
time before the sun-setting of the last day, 
as will be sufficient to have the money count- 
ed ; but if the tenant meets the lessor 
on the land at anytime of the last day of 
payment, and tenders the rent, that is suffi- 
cient tender, because the money is to be 
paid indefinitely on that day, and therefore a 
tender on that day is sufficient. See Dis- 
tress. 
RENTERING, in the manufactories, thg 
ame with line-drawing, it consists in sewing 
wo pieces of doth edge to edge,' without 
doubling them, so that the seam scarcely ap- 
