SI MIA. 
6 ; 3 
[lenance of this animal, and a kind of solemn 
contemplative disposition seems to be strongly 
indicated in its looks, when calm and undis- 
turbed; but when irritated, the most striking 
[efforts of vindictive violence are immediately 
exhibited. It is also possessed of an unconi- 
[mon degree of obstinate moroseness, surpass- 
ing most others of its tribe, and is, when in 
a state of confinement, of a disposition so 
rude and unquiet, and of manners so pecu- 
liarly indecorous, as generally to frustrate all 
attempts to civilize and reclaim it. 
MONKEYS. 
8. Simla leonina. Leonine monkey. This 
species was described from the living animal 
in the possession of the due de Bouillon ; and 
was in the royal menagerie at Versailles, in 
the year 1775. Its length was two feet from 
nose to tail, and it was, eighteen inches high 
when standing on all-fours. 1 he legs were 
long in proportion to the body ; the face 
naked and quite black ; the whole body and 
limbs of the same colour ; the hair, though 
long, appearing short, on account of its lying 
smooth around the face, according to But- 
fon’s figure, is a tine long chevelure of grey- 
brown hair, and a large beard of fair grey. 
The chevelure or spreading hair round the 
face stretches upwards over the eyes and 
forehead, so as to encircle the whole head in 
a remarkable manner, as in the ouanderou 
or lion-tailed baboon, to which indeed, from 
the figure as well as description, it appears 
so extremely similar, that it might well pass 
for a variety ol that animal. 
9. S. Diana. Spotted monkey. Mr. Pen- 
nant describes this species as of a middling 
| size, and of a reddish colour on the upper 
parts, as if singed, and marked with white 
specks; the belly and chin whitish; the tail 
very long. The Linnsean description differs. 
Linnixus says thi animal is of the size of a 
large cat, and is black, spotted with white; 
i the hind part of the back ferruginous; the 
! face black; from the top of the nose a white 
■ line, passing over each eye to the ears in an 
arched direction ; (this circumstance was | 
probably the reason of the Linna-an name 
Diana, by which he has chosen to distinguish 
the animal) the beard pointed, black above, 
white beneath, and placed on a kind of fatty 
tumor ; breast and throat white ; from the 
rump across the thighs a white line ; tail long, 
straight, and black; ears and feet of the same 
colour; canine teeth large. See Plate Nat. 
Hist. fig. 363. 
10. Silnia nasuta. Long-nosed monkey. 
Two remarkable monkeys are represented in 
Mr. Pennant’s History of Quadrupeds, from 
drawings by a Mr. Paillou. Hie one is call- 
ed the long-nosed monkey ; it has a very long 
and slender nose, covered with a flesh-colour- 
ed skin ; the hair on the forehead falls back; 
on the bod\ and breast it is long; the colour 
ot the head and upper parts is pale ferrugi- 
nous mixed with black ; of the breast and 
belly light ash-colour ; tail very long; height 
when sitting down about two feet. Native 
country uncertain: probably Africa. Its 
face has very much the appearance of a long- 
nosed dog. See Plate Nat. Hist. fig. 364 
The other is called by Mr. Pennant the 
prude monkey; and of this he gives no par- 
ticular description. 
11. S. sinica. Chinese monkey. The Chi- 
nese monkey, so named from the unusual 
Vol. if. 
disposition of the hair on the top of the head, 
which spreads out in a circular direction, 
somewhat in the manner of a Chinese cap, is 
a native of Ceylon, and is about the size of a 
cat. Its general colour is a pale yellowish- 
brown, palest on the under parts. "The face 
is commonly dusky, and sometimes the ge- 
neral tinge of the animal is dusky-ferruginous. 
This is a species easily distinguished when 
seen in a healthy state : the hair on the top of 
the head resembling that of a boy; as if 
parted in the middle, and lying smooth over 
the head. They are said to inhabit the woods 
in great troops, and to be very destructive to 
such gardens and plantations as lie within 
reach of their settlements. The tail in this 
species is very long : the nails of the thumbs 
are round ; the. rest long. 
12. S. petaurista. Vaulting monkey. This 
is described by Mr. Allamand in his edition 
ofBuffon’s Natural History of Quadrupeds. 
It is said to be somewhat more than a. foot 
high, and the tail about twenty inches long. 
The upper parts of the animal are of a dark 
olivaceous colour, owing to a mixture of; 
olive-green and black hair ; the face black, 
with a snow-white triangular spot on the nose; 
the chin, throat, breast, and belly, white ; the 
under part of the tail and insides of the limbs 
of a blackish grey. It is a most extremely 
nimble and active animal, according to M. 
Allamand. The individual in his possession 
came from Guinea. It was perfectly fami- 
liar, playful, of a gentle disposition, and so 
rapid in its motions that it seemed to fly ra- 
ther than leap. 
13. Simia mona. Varied monkey. This 
is said to be the species which gives the name 
of monkey to the whole tribe : from the Afri- 
can word moune ; or rather, as Mr. Pennant 
surmises, from its corruption monichus. It 
is one of the largest species, being about a 
foot and a half in length, with a tail nearly two 
feet long. The nose, mouth, and spaces 
round the eyes, are of a dull flesh-colour ; 
the cheeks are bounded by long whitish hairs 
inclining to yellow ; the forehead is grey, 
and above the eyes, from ear to> ear, ex- 
tends a black line. The upper part of the 
bodv is dusky and tawny; the breast, belly, 
and inside oi the limbs, white ; the outside 
of the thighs and arms black ; hands and feet 
black and nake d : the tail of a cinereous 
brown. On each side the base of the tail is 
commonly an oval white spot. 1 his species 
inhabits Barbary, ./Ethiopia, and other parts 
of Africa. 
14. Simia ‘ nasalis. Proboscis monkey. 
Amongst the whole tribe of monkeys this 
perhaps may be on-idered as the most -in- 
sular in its aspect ; the nose being ot such a 
length and form as to present, especially in a 
profile view an appearance the most gro- 
tesque imaginable ; and indeed from an in- 
spection of the figure alone, one would be 
apt to imagine that it must have been de- 
signed for a caricature of a monkey. The 
animal, however, is preserved in the royal 
cabinet at Paris, and was first described by 
Mons. D'Aubenton. it is a large species, 
measuring two feet from the tip ot the nose 
to the tail, which is more than two feet long. 
The face has a kind of curved form, and is of 
a brown colour, and marked with blue and 
red ; the ears broad, thin, naked, and hid 
within the hair. The form ot the nose is most 
.singular, being divided almost intp two lobes 
at the tip; a longitudinal furrow running 
along the middle. It is said Ho be found 
chiefly in Cochinchina, and to grow to a very 
large size. It is sometimes seen in great 
troops, and is considered as of a ferocious 
disposition. It feeds only on fruits. Its na- 
tive name is kin doc, or great monkey. 
15. Simia nemaeus. Cochinchina monkey. 
The douc or Cochinchina monkey is a very 
large species, measuring at least two feet 
from the nose to the tail. The face is flatfish 
and of a yellowish-bay colour, as are also 
the ears ; across the forehead runs a narrow 
dusky band. The back, the under parts of 
the body, and sides, are of a yellowish grey ; 
the low er part of the arms and tail are white ; 
the feet dusky. It is a native of Cochinchina, 
and also of Madagascar. It is said that a 
bezoar is more frequently found in the sto- 
mach of this species than of almost any other. 
When in an upright posture this animal mea- 
sures three and a half or four feet in height, 
being nearly of the size of a Barbary ape. 
This species seems considerably allied in its 
general form and colours to the preceding, 
but differs greatly in the form of the face. See 
Plate Nat. Hist. tig. 365. 
16. Simia rosalia. Silky monkey. This 
species is so named from the appearance of 
its hair, which is very fine, soft, long, and of a 
bright-yellow colour, resembling yellow silk. 
Round the face the hair is much longer than 
in other parts, so as to form a large mane 
like that of a lion ; near the face this mane is 
of a reddish colour, and grows paler as it re- 
cedes from the cheeks ; the face itself is of a 
dusky purple ; the ears round and naked ; 
the hands and feet are also naked, and ot the 
same dull purple colour as the face ; the 
claws are small and sharp ; the tail is very 
long, and rather bushy at the extremity, it 
is. a native of Guiana, and is a lively, active 
species, and gentle in a state ot confinement, 
bee Plate Nat. Hist. fig. 366. 
SEPAJOUS. 
17. Simia beelzebul. Preacher monkey. 
This species is said to be of the size of a fox', 
and ot a black colour, with smooth glossv 
hair ; round beard beneath the chin and 
throat ; the feet and end of the tail brown. 
It is a native of Brasil and Guiana, inhabiting' 
the woods in vast numbers, and howls in a 
dreadful manner. Marcgrave assures us, that 
one sometimes mounts the top ot a branch, 
and assembles a multitude below; he then 
sets up a howi so loud and horrible, that a 
person at a distance would imagii <■ that a hun- 
dred joined in the cry ; after a certain space 
he gives a signal with his hand, when the 
whole assembly join in chorus;, but on .an-' 
other signal a sudden silence prevails and 
then the orator finishe his harangue. This 
howling faculty is owing to the conformation 
ot the os hyoici 's, or throat-bone, which is 
dilated into a bottle-shaped com avity. 
18. Simia paniscus Four-lingered mon- 
key. This animal is distinguished b' the 
gracility of its body and limbs ; its un.forin 
black colour, except on the face, which is of 
a dark flesh-colour; and by the want ol thumbs 
on the fore feet, instead of which are very 
small projections or appendices. It is one of 
the most active and lively of animals, and is 
besides of a gentle tmd tractable disposition in 
a state ol confinement. It inhabits the woods 
of South America ; .associating in great multi* 
