64 
FOOD FOR CATTLE. 
Means and ad- pediment has been the cost of labour and fuel 3 to lessen the one, 
feeffin^cattle anc * s *- m P^0 ,r ot her, have been my constant endeavour ; in 
with steamed this at length I conceive I have been completely successful 3 
^ ooc? ' and that I have thereby removed those obstacles, which were 
opposed to its becoming generally, and, I should say, uni- 
versally useful*. 
Each of the two steamers which I use has three boxes, 
containing eleven stone each of chaff, (the husks of corn,) 
which in boiling gains somewhat more than two-thirds of its 
original weight. Wheat chaff, which alone I use, is commonly 
thrown upon the dunghill, as of no value but to augment the 
quantity of manure. It requires three hours to be sufficiently 
boiled. The same boiler works two sets of boxes 3 by the 
various stop-cocks the steam can be made to work either one, 
two, or all three boxes of each set. 
The usual consumption of fuel is two pounds per stone. 
I estimate the quantity done every day at the Schoose to be 
equal to one hundred stone, or thirty-three of chaff, which 
takes sixty-six pounds of coal. As the expense of coal is not 
great here, I should not suspect much economy is practised 3 
even at the price of coals in London this would not be above 
sixteen shillings per week. Two pounds of oil cake are 
allowed to each stone of chaff. The milch cows and oxen 
are fed twice, morning and evening, having an allowance of 
one stone at each time. When taken from the steamer, the 
food is put into wooden boxes, which are mounted upon 
wheels to be drawn by a horse. As the chaff and liquor require 
to stand some time to cool before fit for use, there must be 
several of these boxes to put the chaff in when taken from 
the steaming boxes. 
* The Society have given a wood-cut. The boiler is globular and 
set as coppers usually are 3 it is provided with a feeding pipe, and 
safety valve, and the steam is conveyed by a main leaden pipe, with 
branches, into covered boxes, containing the food. Each box will hold 
II stone of chaff. This boiler of 100 gallons is provided with six boxes, 
three of which, by means of the pipes and cocks, can be worked while 
the other three are filling or emptying. 
The 
