Psychobiology of Lizard Reproduction 
153 
□ Field Control o Female -Male Group 
A Female Group • Female -Male Isolation 
A Female Isolation ^ Female -Castrate Male Group 
Figure 3. Patterns of ovarian recrudescence exhibited by winter-dormant Anolis carolinensis exposed to a 
stimulatory environmental regime in isolation or with conspecifics. Sample sizes shown by each point 
(from Crews, 1975c). 
cence exhibited by females grouped with in- 
tact males taken from the field at the same 
time as the females (Stable Female-Male 
Group), not more than half of the females 
housed under these conditions (Unstable 
Female-Male Group) were reproductively 
active at any one time (Fig. 4). Equally 
striking were the differences in the pre- 
dominant male behavior pattern and the de- 
gree of social stability between the groups 
(see below). 
Role of male behavior in 
ovarian recrudescence 
There are four basic display patterns in 
the behavioral repertoire of the laboratory 
populations of A, carolinensis: Aggression, 
Assertion-Challenge, Courtship, and Submis- 
sion (Figure 5). These displays are distin- 
guished easily by the patterning, context, 
orientation, posturing, and movement of the 
displaying animal (Table 1). In a previous 
