154 
Crews 
n Field Control • Stable Female- Male Group 
A Female- Castrated Male o Unstable Female -Male Group 
Group 
Figure 4. Patterns of environmentally induced ovarian recrudescence exhibited by winter-dormant Anolis 
carolinensis housed in stable or unstable social groups. Sample sizes shown by each point (from Crews, 
1975c). 
paper (Crews, 19756), I distinguished be- 
tween Challenge and Assertion displays. 
Upon reexamination, however, it appears 
that these are not separate displays, but 
rather a single display type possibly differ- 
ing in function as a consequence of differ- 
ences in context (see paper by Jenssen in 
this volume for discussion of the problem 
inherent in display analysis). 
When winter-dormant males and females 
are taken from the field at the same time 
and exposed as a group to the stimulatory 
environmental regime described above, there 
is an initial high level of male-male aggres- 
sive behavior with little or no male courtship 
behavior (Fig. 6). By the end of the first 
week, however, there is a gradual change in 
both the nature and frequency of the pre- 
dominant male behavior pattern ; this change 
coincides with a single male becoming domi- 
nant in the group. As a single male becomes 
dominant, there is first a shift from male- 
