ANA 
AMY 
cross, or ribbands with a text of scripture 
\v l'itteu iii them, as preservatives against dis- 
eases ; and therefore the council of Laodicea 
forbids ecclesiastics to make such amulets, 
and orders all such as wore them to be cast 
out of the church, 
AMUSE ITE, an instrument of war, 
i)io anted like a cannon, and tired off like a 
musket. 1 . - 
AMY, in law, the next friend or relation 
to be intrusted for an infant. 
AMY GLADOIDES lapis, in natural his- 
tory, a fossile body, resembling the kernel 
of an almond in shape, being the petrified 
spine of a species of echinus marinus, or sea 
urchin. 
AM YG DALUS, the Almond and Peach : 
a genus of the monogynia order, belonging to 
the icosandria class of plants ; and in the na- 
tural method, ranking under the order po- 
maceac, The characters are: the calyx is a 
single-leaved perianthium beneath, tubular, 
and quinqueiid : the corolla consists of live 
oblong petals, which are inserted into the 
calyx : the stamina of 30 slender erect fila- 
ments, half the length of tire corolla, and in- 
serted into the calyx ; the anthers are simple : 
the pistillutn has a round villous gennen 
above ; a simple stylus, the length of the sta- 
mina ; and the stigma headed : the pericar- 
pium is a large roundish villous drupa, with 
a longitudinal furrow; the seed is an ovate 
Compressed not perforated in the pores. The 
nut of the almond is covered with a dry skin, 
that of the peach and nectarine with a soft 
pulp. The nectarine again is smooth, the 
peach downy. 
There are 7 species with innumerable va- 
rieties, the principal of which are : 
1. Amygdalus communis, or common al- 
mond, a native of Africa, grows to near 20 
feet high. The white flowering almond is a 
variety of this species, and is cultivated for 
the sake of the flowers and the fruit, though 
the flowers are inferior to the red. 
2. Amygdalus liana, the-. dwarf almond is a 
native ot Asia Minor. Of, this shrub there 
are two varieties, the single and the double. 
Both grow to about four or live feet high, and 
are in the first esteem as flowering shrubs. 
3. Amygdalus Persica, or the Peach, is 
said to be a native of Europe; but of what 
place is not known. Cultivation has produ- 
ced many varieties of this fruit ; of which the 
following are the most esteemed : 
1. Admirable. 2. Beautiful Chevreuse. 3. 
Bellegarde. 4. Bloody Peach. 5. Bourdine. 
0. Catharine. 7. Chancellor. 8. Early 
Purple. 9. Great French Miguon. 10. Late 
Admirable. 1 1 . Late Purple. 12. MYlta. 
13. Monstrous Pavy. 14. Montauban. 15. 
Nivette. 16. Old Newington. 17. Persique. 
18. Portugal. 1 9. Rarabouillet. 20, Red 
Magdalen. 21. Red Nutmeg. 22. Rossan- 
na. 23. Royal. 24. Small Miguon. 25. 
Smith’s Newington. 26. Venus’s Nipple. 
27. \ineuse. 28. White Magdalen. 29. 
White Nutmeg. 30. Yellow Alberge. 31. 
Noblesse. 32. Double Montague. 
4. Amygdalus nuci-Persica, or the Nec- 
tarine. Ot this many varieties are now culti- 
vated ; and the following are some of the 
' most esteemed. 
1. Elruge. 2. Golden. 3. Italian. 4. Mur- 
rey. 5. Newington. 6. Roman. 7. Scarlet. 
8. Temple’s. -'9. Clermont’s. 10. Fairchild’s 
early. 
Y’ql. I. 
The good kinds of all these species are pro- 
pagated by budding or inoculation. '1 hey 
will thrive and bear against any wall but one 
with a -north aspect, but the best aspect is 
south, in the pruning, care must he taken 
to leave enough of the young bearing w ood, 
and not lay in the branches too close, or to 
cross each other. 
AMYRIS, a genus of the octandria mono- 
gynia class and order, and of the natural 
order of terebintaceax The calyx is a small 
single-leaved perianthium, four-toothed and 
persistent : the corolla consists of four oblong- 
petals, concave and expanding: the stamina 
consist of eight erect stipulated filaments: 
the anther® are oblong, erect, and the length 
of the corolla: tiie pistillum has an ovate' 
germen above ; a thickish stylus the length- 
ot the stamina; and a four-cornered stigma: 
the pericarpium is a round drupaceous berry : 
the seed is a globular glossy nut. There are 
nine species : the most remarkable are : 
1. Amyris balsamifera, or rose-wood, is 
found on gravelly hills in Jamaica and others 
of the West India islands. It rises to a con- 
siderable- height, and the trunks are remark- 
able for having large protuberances on them. 
The leaves are laurel-shaped ; the small blue 
flowers are on a branched spike ; and the 
berries are small and black. 
2. Amyris elemifera, or shrub- which hears 
the gum elemi, a native of South America. 
It grows to the height of about six feet. 
3. Amyris Gileadensis, or opobalsamum, 
is an evergreen shrub, growing spontaneously 
in Arabia Felix, from whence the opobalsam, 
or balm of Gilead, is procured. 
4. Amyris toxifera, or poison wood, is a 
small tree, with a smooth light coloured bark. 
From the trunk of this tree distils a liquid as 
black as ink. Birds seed on the fruit ; par- 
ticularly one called the purple grosbeak, on 
the mucilage that covers the stone. It grows 
usually on rocks, in Providence, Uathera, 
and others of the Bahama islands. 
AMZEL, in ornithology, the name of a 
bird of the merula or blackbird kind, of 
which there are tv, r o species ; the ring amzel 
or merula torquata, and the merula montana, 
called simply the amzel. The ring amzel is 
a little larger than the common blackbird. 
Its back is ot a dusky blackish brown, and its 
throat and breast are beautifully variegated 
with spots and streaks of white ;. and the low- 
er part of the throat is adorned with a tine 
broad white ring, whence the bird has its 
name. This ring is of a lunated shape, the 
points ending at the sides of the neck. The 
w ings and tail are blackish, but in the female 
variegated with white. This bird feeds on 
insects and berries, and is common about the 
peak of Derbyshire, where it is called the 
Rock Ouzel. 
AN jour and waste, in law, signifies a 
forfeiture of lands for a year and a day to tire 
king, by persons committing petit treason 
and felony, and afterwards the land fails to 
the lord. 
ANA, among physicians, denotes an 
equal quantity of the ingredients which im- 
mediately precede it in prescriptions: it is 
written by- abbreviation a or a a ; tints, Be 
thur. myrrh, alum, aa, i [) : that is, fake: 
frankincense, myrrh, and alum, each a 
scruple. 
Ana, in matters of literature, aLatinter- 
A N A 73 
initiation added to the titles of several books 
in other languages. 
T hey are collections of the conversation 
and memorable sayings of men of wit and 
learning : the Scaligeriana was the. first book 
that appeared with a title in ana, anti was af- 
terwards followed by the Perroniana/j liuana, 
Naudaiana, Menagiana, anti even by Arle- 
quiniana, in ridicule of all books in ana. 
ANABAPTISTS, in church-history, a sect- 
of protestants, w hich sprung up in Germany, 
in 1521, immediately after the rise of Luther- 
anism. At first, they preached up an entire 
freedom from all subjection to the civil, as 
well as ecclesiastical power; hut the tenet 
from whence they take their name, and 
w hich- they still maintain, is their re-baptizing 
all new converts to their sect, and condemn- 
ing infant-baptism. 
Great troubles were occasioned in Ger- 
many by this sect.; but of all places where 
they prevailed, none suffered so much by 
them as the town of Munster.. The anabap- 
tists, however, of Holland and Friezland dis- 
approved the seditious behaviour of their 
brethren of Munster: and, at present, though 
this, sc-ct still subsists as well in Britain as 
abroad, yet they no longer pretend to be di- 
vinely inspired, they no longer oppose ma- 
gistrates, nor preach up a community of 
goods, See. ■ 
I he anabaptists support their principal- 
doctrine upon those words of our Saviour, 
“ He that believeth, and is baptized, shall be 
saved.” Now', as adults, or grown persons, 
are alone capable of believing, they argue, 
that none but adults are fit to be baptized. 
Ibis doctrine is opposed by alleging the 
contrary practice of the primitive church, as- 
well as from scripture, which tells us, that 
children are capable of the kingdom of hea- 
ven, and at the same time assures that, “ ex- 
cept a man be baptized, he cannot enter into, 
the kingdom of God.” 
ANA BATA, a cope or sacerdotal- vest, 
to cover the back and shoulders of the 
priest. 
ANABATIIRA, in antiquity, a kind of 
stones erected by the sides of highways, to- 
assist travellers to mount their horses. 
ANAB1BAZON, • in. astronomy, a name 
given to the northern node of the moon, or. 
dragon’s head. 
ANABLEPS, in ichthyology, a genus of 
malacopter.ygious fishes, with six bones in 
the branch iostege membrane, and only, two 
small fins at the extremity of the back. Of 
this genus there is only one known species. 
It inhabits the sea shore of Surinam. 
ANABOL/EUM, or Anabole, in anti- 
quity, a kind of great or upper coat, w r orn 
over the tunica.. 
ANABOLEUS, in antiquity, an appella- 
tion given to grooms of the stable, or equer- 
ries, who assisted their masters in mounting 
their horses. 
As the antients had no stirrups, or instru- 
ments that are now in use for mounting a. 
horse, they either jumped upon his back, or 
were aided in mounting by anabolei. 
AN AC A Lb PTERlA, in antiquity, fes- 
tivals among the Greeks on the day that the 
bride was permitted to lay aside her veil, and, 
appear in public. The w ord is derived from 
a verb which signifies to uncover. 
ANACAMP PER I A, in ecclesiastical an- 
tiquity, a Find of little edifices adjacent to. 
