ANT 
ANT 
nO 
and in some parts of America, this Ivorrid 
practice is said still to prevail. Mr. Mars- 
den, in his History of Sumatra, informs us that 
the battas of that island are anthropophagi. 
They do not eat human flesh to satisfy 
hunger, but as a mode of shewing an abhor- 
rence of their enemies. The objects of this 
savage repast are prisoners taken in war. 
When sentence is pronounced, the unhappy 
victim is tied to a stake, and when mortally 
wounded by lances thrown at him by the as- 
sembled multitude, they rush upon him, cut 
pieces from his body with their knives, dip 
them in a dish, previously prepared, of salt 
and lemon-juice, slightly broil them over a 
fire, and then devour them with savage en- 
thusiasm. 
ANTIIROPOSOPHIA, the science of the 
nature of man, his structure amd composi- 
tion, both internal and external. 
ANTHYLLIS, kidney-vetch, or lady’s 
finger, a genus of the decandria order, be- 
longing to the diadelphia class of plants ; and 
in the natural method ranking under the 32d 
order, papilionacea?. The essential charac- 
ters are; the calyx is ventricose, and the le- 
gumen is roundish and covered. There are 
17 species, of which the. following seem to be 
most worthy of attention. 
1. Anthyllis barba Jovis, or silver-bush, has 
its name from the whiteness of its leaves. 
This is a shrub which often grows to the 
height of 10 or 12 feet, dividing into many 
lateral branches, with winged leaves. The 
flowers are produced at the extremities of the 
branches, collected into small heads, of a 
bright yellow colour. 
2. Anthyllis cytisoides, or shrubby wound- 
wort, has long been known in the English 
gardens. It is a low shrub, seldom rising 
above two feet high, but sends out many 
slender branches, with hoary leaves, 
which are sometimes single, but generally 
have three oval lobes: the flowers are yel- 
low. This species and the barba Jovis may 
be propagated by cuttings planted during 
any of the summer mouths ; they must always 
be housed in winter. 
3. Anthyllis montana, or herbaceous 
woundwort, with winged leaves, grows natu- 
rally in the mountains in the south of France, 
and in Italy. The flowers are of a purple 
colour and globular form. They appear in 
June and July. 
4. Anthyllis vulneraria, with unequal wing- 
ed leaves, is a native of Spain and Portugal, 
as likewise of Wales. It is a biennial plant, 
and the flowers are of a bright scarlet colour. 
ANTI, a Greek preposition, which enters 
into the composition of several words, both 
Latin, French, and English, in different 
senses. Sometimes it signifies befo e, as in 
antichamber, and sometimes opposite or con- 
trary, as in the names of these medicines 
antiscorbutic, antivenereal, &c. 
AN'l IBACCHIUS, in autient poetry, a 
foot consisting of three syllables ; the two first 
long, and the last one short. 
ANTI dIBLOS, in the civil law, an instru- 
ment by which the defendant owns he has re- 
ceived the libel, or a copy of it, and notes the 
day whereon iie received it. 
ANTICAUSOTICS, denote medicines 
against burning fevers. 
AN riCHORUS, in botany, a genus of the 
inonogynia order, belonging to the oclandria 
class; of which the essential characters are ; [ 
the calyx Is a four-leaved perianthium ; the 
corolla consists of four expanding petals ; the 
pericarpiuitt is a capsule, above, subulated, 
with four cells, and four valves ; the seeds are 
very numerous. There is but one species, 
viz. 
Antichorus depressus, a native of Arabia. 
ANTICARD HIM, in anatomy, the hol- 
low part under the breast, commonly called 
the pit of the stomach, the same with scrobi- 
culum cordis. 
ANTI CHRESIS, in civil law, a covenant, 
by which a person borrowing money of an- 
other engages to make over his property to 
the creditor, for the interest of money lent. 
ANTICK, in sculpture and painting, de- 
notes a fantastical composure of figures of 
different natures, sexes, &c. It amounts to 
the same thing as the French call grotesque. 
ANTICLIMAX, in rhetoric, is a figure 
by which the progress of a discourse descends 
from great to little. 
ANTICUM, in architecture, a porch be- 
fore a door ; also that part of a temple that 
lies between the body of the temple and the 
portico. 
ANTICUS, a term used by anatomists, 
importing that the part with winch it is joined 
stands before some others ; serratus anticus, 
peronaeus anticus, tibialis anticus, &c. See 
Anatomy. 
ANTIDACTYLUS, a name to a foot of 
poetry, the reverse of dactyl, consisting of 
three syllables, the first two short, and the 
last long. 
AN! IDESMA, in botany, a genus of the 
dioecia order, belonging to’ the pentandria 
class of plass. The calyx of the male is five- 
leaved ; there is no corolla ; the antherse are 
bifid ; the .female calyx is five-leaved ; the 
corolla is wanting ; the stigmata are five ; the 
berry is cylindric and one-seeded. . There 
are three species, natives of India. 
ANTIDIC O MARI ANTES, in church- 
history, heretics who maintained that the 
Virgin Mary did not preserve a perpetual 
virginity. 
ANTlDORON, a name given by the 
Greek church to the consecrated bread, part 
of which was given to the poor. 
ANTIENT, in a military sense, denotes 
either the ensign who carries them , or the co- 
lours ; in ships of war, the streamer or Hag, 
borne in the stern. 
ANTIHECTICS, medicines good in hec- 
tical disorders. See Pharmacy. 
ANTILOGARITHM, the complement of 
a logarithm. 
ANTIMONY, in natural history, one of 
the semi-metals, separated by fusion from a 
very hard and heavy lead-coloured substance, 
called ore of antimony : this ore is composed 
of a number of extremely small sparkling 
granules, which give it the appearance of a 
lump of the purest steel, when fresh bro- 
ken. 
I. Antimony is of a greyish white colour, 
and has a good deal of brilliancy. Its tex- 
ture is laminated, and exhibits plates cross- 
ing each other in every direction, and some- 
times assuming the appearance of imperfect 
crystals. Hauy has with great labour ascer- 
tained that the primitive form of these crys- 
tals is au octahedron, and that the integrant 
particles of antimony have the figure of tetra- 
hedrons. When rubbed upon the fingers, 
it communicates to them a peculiar taste and 
ANT 
smell. Its specific gravity is, according to 
Brisson, 6.702 ; according to Bergman, 6.86. 
It is very brittle, and may be easily reduced 
in a mortar to a fine powder. Its tenacity 
has not been tried. When heated to 809 
degrees Fahrenheit, or just to redness, it 
melts. If after this the heat is increased, 
the metal evaporates. On cooling, it as- 
sumes the form of oblong crystals, perpendi- 
cular to the internal surface of the vessels in 
which it cools. It is to tliis crystallization 
that the laminated structure which antimony 
always assumes is owing. 
II. When exposed to the air, it undergoes : 
no change except the loss of its lustre. Nei- I 
ther is it altered by being kept under water, j 
But when steam is made to pass over red-hot i 
antimony, it is decomposed so rapidly that a ; 
violent detonation is thq consequence. 
\Y hen heated in an open vessel, it gradually I 
combines with oxygen, and evaporates in a j 
white vapour. This vapour, when collected, 
constitutes a white-coloured oxide, formerly j 
called argentine Jlowers of anti? non- /. When 
raised to a white heat, and suddenly agitated,] 
antimony burns, and is converted into the 
same white-coloured oxide. 
III. Antimony has never been combined 
with carbon nor hydrogen. When its ox- 
ides are heated along with charcoal or oils,] 
they are reduced, but imperfectly, unless] 
some body (as potass) be present to. favour] 
the fusion of the metal. The greater part] 
.remains in a state of black spongy mass,] 
which often takes fire when exposed to the! 
air. Antimony combines readily with- suH 
phur and with phosphorus. 
Sulphuret of antimony may be formed by 
mixing its two component parts together, and 
fusing them in a crucible. It has a dark! 
blueish grey colour, with a lustre approach-! 
ing the metallic ; it is much more fusible than) 
antimony, and may be crystallized by slow 
cooling. It is composed, according to’ Berg-] 
man, of 74 parts of antimony and 26 of sul- 
phur. \Y ith this estimate the late experi- 
ments of Proust coincide almost exactly. Ac-] 
cording to that very accurate chemist, sul- 
phuret of antimony is composed of 
75. 1 antimony 
24.9 sulphur 
100.0 
This substance is found native in great abun-j 
dance, and indeed is almost the only ore of 
antimony. It was to this sulphuret that the 
term antimony was applied by the earlier 
chemists; the pure metal was called reguluA 
of antimony. 
When equal parts of antimony and phos- 
phoric glass are mixed together with a littlei 
charcoal powder, and melted in a crucible, j 
phosphuret of antimony is produced. It is' 
of a white colour, brittle, appears laminated I 
whenbroken, and at the fracture a number "of 
small cubic facettes are observable. When 
melted it emits a green flame, and the white] 
oxide of antimony - sublimes. Phosphuret 
of antimony may “likewise be prepared by 
fusing equal parts of antimony and phos- 
phoric glass, or by dropping phosphorus into 
melted antimony. 
IV. Antimony does not combine with azote, 
nor with muriatic acid. 
V. Antimony combines readily with most 
of the iuetals ; but the greater number of its 
