435 
COR 
COR 
accommodating to the motions of the body 
in swimming, by cutting the cork into small 
pieces, and quilting them between two waist- 
coats ol canvas. .Even the most timorous, 
•with one of these jackets may safely venture 
into a rough sea. 
A cork spencer has lately been invented 
to save from drowning, in cases of ship- 
wreck ; which consists of a belt, containing 
refuse pieces of cork, or old bottle-corks, en- 
closed in any kind of covering, and fastened 
round the body with tapes, The excellence of 
•this consists in its cheapness, the whole being 
made tor five shillings. See Drowning. 
COE-MASS, the name of a grand proces- 
sion, said to have been established at Dun- 
kirk, during the dominion of Charles V. and 
renewed on St. John’s day, the 24th of 
June. „ After the celebration of high mass, 
the procession, consisting of the several 
tradesmen of the town, began. Each person 
had a burning taper of wax in his hand ; and 
after each company came a pageant, fol- 
lowed by the patron saint, usually of solid 
silver, richly wrought and adorned. The 
companies were followed by music ; and af- 
ter the musicians, the friars in the habits of 
their order, the secular priests, and then the 
abbot magnificently adorned, and preceded 
by the host. Machines likewise of various 
fantastical forms and devices, and as variously 
accoutred, formed a part of the show on this 
occasion ; which has been described as one 
of the most superb and magnificent in the 
world. 
CORN, in country affairs, the grain or 
seeds of plants separated from the spica or 
ear, and used for making bread. See Hus- 
bandry. 
Corn-i.aws. It is against the common 
law of England to buy or sell corn in the sheaf, 
before it is thrashed and measured : the rea- 
son whereof seems to be, because by such 
sale, the market is in effect forestalled. 3 
Inst. 197. 
Every person who shall sell or buy corn 
without measuring, or otherwise than by the 
‘Winchester measure, sealed and stricken by 
the brim, shall on conviction before one jus- 
tice on the oath of one witness fofeit 40^. be- 
sides the whole of the corn so sold or bought, 
or the value thereof, half to the poor, and 
half to the informer. 
On complaint to a justice, that corn has 
been bought, sold, or delivered, contrary to 
the act, the proof shall lie upon the defendant, 
to make it appear by oath of one witness, 
that he sold or bought the same lawfully : 
and if he shall fail therein, he shall forfeit 
as before mentioned, to be levied by distress 
and sale. 22 and 23 C. II. c. 8 and 
12 ; and K. v. Arnold, T. 33, G. III. 
And if any mayor, or other head officer, 
shall knowingly permit the same, he shall on 
conviction at the county sessions, forfeit 50/. 
half to the prosecutor and half to the poor, 
by distress and sale. For want of distress, to 
be imprisoned by warrant of the justices, 
till payment be made. 22 C. III. c. 8. 
s. 3. 
The last acts now in force to regulate the 
returns of the prices of grain, are statutes 
31 G. III. c. 30, 33 G. ill. c. 65. By r the 
former the statutes 1 Jac. II. c. 19: 1 W. 
and M. c. 12: 1 G. II. c. 12: 10 G. III. c. 
39: 13 G. III. c. 43: 21 G. III. c. 50 : and 
29 Cr. III. c. 58, are all repealed ; as also 
every provision in any other act regulating 
the importation of wheat, &c. except such 
as relate to the making of malt for expor- 
tation, and the exportation thereof. So 
much of the 15 Car. II. as prohibits the buy- 
ing of corn to sell again, and the laying if up 
in granaries, is also repealed. 
By the statutes of 31 G. III. c. 30, and 33 
G. III. c. 65, bounties are granted on ex- 
portation at certain prices, and the expor- 
tation prohibited when at higher prices ; the 
quantity of corn to be exported to foreign 
countries is settled ; and the maritime counties 
of England are divided into districts. The 
exportation of corn is to be regulated in Lon- 
don, Kent, Essex, and Sussex, by the prices at 
the corn-exchange ; the proprietors of which 
are to appoint an inspector of corn-returns, 
to whom weekly returns are to be made 
by the factors; and he is to make weekly ac- 
counts, and transmit the average price to the 
receiver of the returns, to be transmitted 
to the officers of the customs, and in- 
serted in the London Gazette. The expor- 
tation in other districts and in Scotland, to 
be regulated by the prices at different ap- 
pointed places, for which mayors, justices, 
&c. are to elect inspectors. Declarations 
are to be truly made by factors, of corn sold 
by them. Orders of council may regulate 
importation. See. such orders to be laid be- 
fore parliament. 32 Geo. III. c. 50. and 33 
Geo. III. c. 3. 
Corn, in medicine and surgery, a hard 
tumour like a flat wart, growing in several 
parts of the feet, especially upon the joints 
of the toes. This disorder is not unjustly 
attributed to the wearing of too strait or nar- 
row-toed shoes, which never fail to produce 
these tubercles, especially if the person is 
obliged to stand or walk much, and in the 
summer time. 
CORNEA TUNICA, in anatomy, the 
second coat of the eye ; so called from its 
substance, which resembles the horn of a 
lanthorn. See Anatomy. 
CORNER-STONES, among builders, 
tiie two stones which stand one in each jaunib 
of a chimney. The breadth of each stone 
ought to be equal to that of the jaurnb, and 
its face to be hollowed in the sweep of a cir- 
cle ; their height ought to reach from the 
hearth to the mantle-tree: they are com- 
monly made of Ryegateor fire-stone. 
CORNET, in the military art of the an- 
tients, an instrument much in the nature 
of a trumpet: when only it sounded, the 
ensigns were to march alone without the 
soldiers: whereas when the trumpet only 
sounded, the soldiers were to move without 
the ensigns. The cornets and buccime sound- 
ed the charge and retreat, and the cornets 
and trumpets sounded during the course of 
the battle. 
Cornet is also a commissioned officer 
in a troop of horse or dragoons. 
CORNICULARIUS,in Roman antiquity, 
an officer of the army, appointed to assist 
the military tribune in quality of lieutenant. 
CORNOCOPLE, a genus of the digynia 
order, in the triandria class of plants, and in 
the natural method ranking under the 4th 
order, gr ami na. The involucrum is monophyl- 
lous, funnel-shaped, crenated, and multiflo- 
rous; the calyx bivalved; the corolla one- 
valved. There are two species. 
CORN US, ■cornel-tree, cornelian cherry, 
C O It 
oulogxi'ood ; a genus of the inonogynia order, 
in the tetrandria class of plants, and in the 
natural method ranking under the 47th or- 
der, stellatav The involucrum is most fre- 
quently monyphyllous ; the petals above the 
receptacle of' the fruit, four; the fruit itself a 
bilocular kernel. Of this genus there are 12 
species ; the most remarkable are the follow- 
ing: 1. The mas or cornelian cherry-tree, 
has an upright t re?- stem, rising 20 feet high, 
branching and forming a large head, with ob- 
long leaves, and small umbels of yellowish- 
green flowers at the sides and ends of the 
branches; appearing early in the spring, and 
succeeded by small, red, cherry-like, eatable, 
acid fruit. 2. The sanguinea, bloody-twig, 
or common dogwood, has an upright tree- 
stem, branching 10 or 12 feet high, having 
blood-red shoots, with oblong pointed ner- 
vous leaves two inches long; and all the 
branches terminated by umbellate white 
flowers, succeeded by black berries: of this 
there is a kind with variegated leaves. 3. The 
l'lorida or \ irginian dog-wood, has a tree- 
stem branching 12 or 15 feet high, and fine 
red shoots, with large heart-shaped leaves ; 
and the brandies terminated by umbellate 
white flowers, having a large involucrum 
succeeded by dark-red berries. Of this spe- 
cies there are several varieties, chiefly dis- 
tinguished by the colour of their berries, 
which are red, white, or blue. All the spe- 
cies may be propagated by seeds, which 
ought to be sown in autumn, otherwise they 
will lie a year in the ground. They may also 
be propagated by suckers, of which they 
produce great plenty, or by laying down 
the young branches. 
CORJNUTIA, a genus of the angiosper- 
mia order, in the didynamia class of plants, 
and in the natural method ranking under the 
4oth order, personate. The calyx is quiu- 
quedentated ; the stamina longer than the co- 
rolla; the style very long; the berry mono- 
spermous. There are two species: the pyra- 
midata has blue pyramidal flowers and hoary 
leaves. It grows plentifully in several of the 
islands of the "\\ est Indies, also at Cam- 
peachy, and at La \ era Cruz. It rises to 
the height of 10 or 12 feet, with rude 
branches, the leaves being placed opposite. 
The flowers are produced in spikes at the 
end of the branches, and are ol a fine blue. 
They usually appear in autumn, and will 
sometimes remain in beauty for two months 
or more. It is propagated ' either by seeds 
or cuttings, and makes a fine appearance in 
the stove, but is too tender to bear the open 
air in this country. 
COROLLA, among botanists, the most 
conspicuous part of a flower, surrounding 
the organs of generation. See Botany. 
COROLLARY, is an useful consequence 
drawn from something already advanced or 
demonstrated: thus, it being demonstrated 
that a triangle which has two equal sides, has 
also two angles equal, this corollary will fol- 
low ; that a triangle which lias three sides 
equal, has also its three angles equal. 
CORONA, among botanists, expresses any 
tiling growing on the head of a seed. See 
Botany. 
Corona borealis, the northern crown or 
garland, in astronomy , a constellation of the 
northern hemisphere, whose stars in Ptole- 
my’s catalogue are 8, in lycho’s as many, 
and in Mr.Tiamsteed’s‘31, 
