440 
C 0 K 
C O Ft 
C O R 
tn be observed on pain of imprisonment, for* 
frit lire of goods, &c. are contrary to Magna 
Charta. Actions arising in any corporation 
maybe tried in the corporation courts; but 
it they try actions not within their jurisdic- 
tion, and encroach upon the common law, 
they are liable to be punished tor it. The 
corporation of the city of London is to answer 
for all particular misdemeanors committed 
in any of the courts of justice within the 
city, and for all other general misdemeanors 
committed in the city. 
CORPS de garde, a post in an army, 
sometimes under cover, sometimes in the 
open air, to receive a number of soldiers, 
who are relieved from time to time, and are 
to watch in their turns for the security of 
some more considerable post. 
Corps-de-garde is frequently used for the 
men who watch in this post. 
Corps, in architecture, a term to signify 
any part that projects or advances beyond 
the naked of a wall, serving as a ground for 
some decoration. 
CORPSE. If any person steal the shroud 
or other apparel from a dead body, it will be a 
felony. 3 Inst. 1 10. 12 Rep. 1 13. But stealing 
the corpse itself only, is not felony ; but it is 
punishable as a misdemeanour, by indictment 
at common law. 2 Black. 23b. 
CORPULENCY, in medicine, the state 
of a person too much loaded with liesh or 
fat. 
An excessive degree of corpulency or fat- 
ness becomes a disease, when the whole 
body, as well as the belly, is grown into such 
a bulk, that the actions, especially with re- 
spect to motion and respiration, are greatly 
impaired, if not entirely impeded. Boer- 
haave observes, that corpulency does not 
consist in the solids of the body being in- 
creased, but in their being distended to a 
greater pitch by the abundance of humours 
collected in them. Corpulency is supposed 
to arise from a copious, oily, soft blood, and 
is promoted by any thing that tempers and 
softens the blood; such are want of exercise 
and motion, an indolent life, too much sleep, 
nourishing foods, &c. 
There is not a better remedy to reduce a 
corpulent habit, than acetum scililicum 
drunk upon an empty stomach. Semen 
fraxini, or bird’s-tongue as it is called, 
3j, drunk in a morning in a glass of wine, is 
very much commended as an effectual diu- 
retic, and on that account abates corpulency. 
Borellus recommends the chewing of tobacco ; 
but it is not safe for all persons to use it, lest 
it should throw them into a consumption. 
Dr. Fleming recommends from one to four 
grains of Castile soap to be taken at bed- 
time. Those that are naturally gross and 
Lit, oftener die suddenly than other people. 
The most extraordinary instance of corpu- 
lency perhaps ever known, was that of Edw. 
Bright of Malden, in Essex, who, dying in 
Nov. 1730, at the age of 29 years, weighed 
616 pounds; his waistcoat, with great ease, 
was buttoned round seven men of ordinary 
size. 
CORPUS, in anatomy, a term applied to 
several parts of the annual structure, as cor- 
pus callosum, corpus cavernosum, Sec. 
Corpus callosum, a medullary part of 
the brain, which covers the whole lateral 
ventricles* 
Corpus cavernosum, a cavernous sub- 
stance, surrounding the vagina. 
Corpus cum causa, in law, a writ issuing 
out of the chancery to remove both the body 
and record, touching the cause of any man 
lying for execution upon a judgment for 
debt, into the king’s bench, thereto lie till he 
ha's satisfied the judgment. 
CORPUSCLE, in physics, a minute par- 
ticle, or physical atom, being such as a na- 
tural body is made up of. By this word are 
not meant the elementary particles, but 
such, whether of a simple or compound na- 
ture, whose parts will not be dissipated by or- 
dinary degrees of heat. Sir Isaac Newton, 
in tiie second book of his Optics, shews a 
way of guessing, with great accuracy, at the 
size of the component corpuscles of bodies. 
CORRECTION, in printing, the point- 
ing out or discovering the faults in a printed 
sheet, in order to be amended by the dom- 
positor before it be printed off. 
The corrections are placed on the margin 
of every page, against the line in which the 
faults are found ; and there are different cha- 
racters used to express different corrections : 
thus & is put for dele, to intimate that some- 
thing, as a point, letter, word, &c. dashed in 
that line is to be taken out. If any thing is 
to be inserted, the place is to be marked 
thus a and the thing to be inserted added in 
the margin. When there are two or more 
corrections in the same line, then they are 
all separated in the margin by little bars, 
thus | . If a space is omitted, its place is 
marked with a caret, and in the margin thus tfy 
When a letter is inverted, it is expressed in 
the margin thus ® . When any thing is to 
be transposed it is directe d thus, Ex traordi- 
nary scarce ever fail of ^attainments* excit- 
ing envy, for Extraordinary attainments 
scarce ever fail of exciting envy, and in the 
margin is added tr. If Italic characters are to 
he changed for Roman, or vice versa, a line is 
drawn thus — under the letters, and Rom. or 
Ital. is written in the margin. If a space, or 
an m or n quadrat, stick up, and print black, 
it is marked in the margin with a dash, 
thus | . If a word, sentence, or paragraph is 
entirely omitted, the place is marked with a 
caret, and in the' margin is put the word out. 
If the letters of a word stand too far asunder, 
a line is drawn under them, and in the mar- 
gin is put a crooked line or hook, thus w. 
There are many oilier marks used in. correct- 
ing, as for superior, cap. for capital, /. c. 
for lower-case, &c. 
CORRECTOR of the staple, a clerk be- 
longing to the staple, whose business is to 
write down and record the bargains that 
merchants make there. 
Corrector, in medicine and pharmacy, 
an ingredient in a composition which guards 
against or abates the force of another. See 
Pharmacy. 
CORRELATIVE, something opposed to 
another in a certain relation. Thus, father 
and son are correlatives. Light and dark- 
ness, motion and rest, are correlative and 
opposite terms. 
CORROSION, in a general sense, the 
action of gnawing away, by degrees, the con- 
tinuity of the parts of "bodies. Acids corrode 
most natural bodies. 
CORROSIVES, in surgery are medicines 
which corrode whatever part of the body j 
they are applied to: such are burnt alum, 
white precipitate of .mercury, white vitriol, 
red precipitate of mercury, butter of anti- 
mony, and lapis infernalis. 
C O RR U GATOR. See Anatomy. 
CORRUPTICOL/E, in church-history, a 
sect of heretics, so called from their main- 
taining that the body of Christ was corrup- 
tible, "that the fathers had owned it, and that 
to deny it was to deny the truth of our Sa- 
viour’s passion. 
CORRUPTION, the destruction, extinc- 
tion, or at least cessation for a time, of the 
proper mode of existence of any natural 
body. 
Corruption of blood, in law, an infec- 
tion accruing to a man’s state attainted of 
felony and treason, and to his issue ; for as 
he loses all to the prince, Sec. his issue can- 
not be heirs to him, nor to any other ancestor 
by him ; and if he was noble, his heirs are 
rendered ignoble. 
CORSELET, a little cuirass; or, accord- 
ing to others, an armour or coal made to 
cover the whole body ; antiently worn by the 
pike-men, usually placed in the front - ' and 
...tlanks of the battle, for the better resisting 
the enemy’s assaults, and guarding the sol- 
diers placed behind them. 
CORTUSA, bear’ s-ear sanicle ; a genus of 
the monogynia order, in the pentandria class 
of plants, and in the natural method ranking 
under the 21st order, precise. The corolla 
is wheel-shaped, with its throat like an ele- 
vated ring; the capsule unilocular, oval, and 
quinquevalved at the top. There are two 
species ; both of them very low, flowery, 
herbaceous perennials, crowned by umbels 
of nionopetalous wheel-shaped flow ers, of a 
fine red colour. They are natives of moun- 
tainous rocky parts abroad, so must have a 
dry lean soil ; or they may be kept in pots of 
dry sandy earth placed in the shade, and in 
the summer must be duly watered; and their 
propagation here is by slipping the roots in 
October. 
CORUNDUM, a mineral, of which there 
are two species, the perfect and imperfect. 
Perfect corundumor sapphire is found in the 
East Indies, especially in Pegu and the island 
of Ceylon ; and it is most commonly crystal- 
lized. The crystals are of no great size ; 
their primitive form, as has been demon- 
strated by Bournon, is a rhomboid whose 
angles are 86° and 94°, and which therefore 
is nearly rectangular. Sometimes it occurs 
in this form, though but seldom. Bournon 
lms described no less than eight modifications 
of it. 
The texture of the sapphire is foliated; 
but in the more perfect specimens the plates 
are separated with difficulty. Fracture con- 
choidal. It causes only a single refraction. 
Specific gravity from 3.207 to 4. 161. Co- 
lour most frequently blue ; sometimes red, 
purple, yellow', and green ; and sometimes 
colourless: imperfect corundum is usually 
crystallized; sometimes found in amorphous 
masses. The figures of the crystals are the 
same as those of the last species"; opaque, ex- 
cept when in very thin pieces ; specific gra- 
vity from 3.710 to 4.180; colour grey, often 
with various shades of blue and green. 
Mr. Chenevix obtained the following con- 
stituents from different specimens of corun- 
dum subjected to chemical analysis. 
