6lS 
EMB 
EMB 
oilier parts, and staying in each only so long 
as the rice continues green. They come into 
Rhode-island and New York at the end of 
April, or the second week in May, frequent- 
ing the borders of fields, and live on insects, 
&c. till the maize is lit for their palates, 
when they begin by pecking holes in the 
sides of the husk, and after satiating them- 
selves go on to another, which leaves room 
for the rain to get in, and effectually spoils 
the plants. They continue there during the 
summer, and breed, returning as autumn 
approaches to the southward. The males 
and females do not arrive together; the fe- 
males come first. They are esteemed to be 
the most delicate birds of those parts; and the 
male is said to have a fine note. 
EMBEZZLEMENT. Bystat. 39. G. III. 
c. 83, for protecting masters against embez- 
zlements by their clerks and servants ; ser- 
vants or clerks, or persons employed for the 
purpose or in the capacity of servants or 
clerks, who shall, by virtue of such employ- 
ment, receive or take into their possession 
any money, goods, bond, bill, note, banker’s 
draft, or other valuable security or ei’fects, 
for, or in the name, or on the account of, 
their master or employer ; and who shall frau- 
dulently embezzle, secrete, or make away 
with the same, or any part thereof; every 
such offender shall be deemed to have felo- 
niously stolen the same from his master or 
employer, for whose use, or on whose ac- 
count, the same was delivered to, or taken 
into the possession of such servant, clerk, or 
other person so employed, although such 
money, goods, bond, bill, note, banker’s 
draft, or other valuable security, was or were 
no otherwise received into the possession of 
his or their servants, clerk, or other person 
so employed; and every such offender, his 
adviser, procurer, aider, or abettor, being 
thereof lawfully convicted or attainted, shall 
be liable to be transported to such part be- 
yond the seas as his majesty, by and with the 
advice of his privy council, shall appoint, for 
any term not exceeding fourteen years, in 
the discretion of the court before whom such 
offender shall be convicted or adjudged. 
EMBLEM, a kind of painted enigma, or 
certain figures painted or cut metaphori- 
cally, expressing some action with reflections 
underneath, which in a measure explain the 
'sense of the device, and at the same time in- 
struct us in some moral truth, or other mat- 
ter of knowledge. The emblem is somewhat 
plainer than the enigma, and the invention is 
more modem, it being entirely unknown to 
the antients. 
EMBLEMENTS, signify the profits of 
land sown ; but the word is sometimes used 
more largely, for any profits that arise and 
grow naturally from the ground, as grass, 
fruit, hemp, flax, &c. Cowel. 
EMBRACERY, is an attempt to corrupt 
or influence a jury, or any way incline them 
to be more favourable to the one side than 
the other, by money, promises, letters, 
threats, or persuasions ; whether the juror on 
whom such attempt is made, gives verdict or 
not, or whether the verdict given be true or 
false, i Haw. 239. The punishment of an 
embracer, or embraceor, is by fine and im- 
prisonment; and for the juror so embraced, 
if it is by taking money, the punishment 
is (by divers statutes) perpetual infamy, 
imprisonment for a year, and forfeiture of 
tenfold the value. 4 Black. 1 40. 
EMBOLISMIC, or Intercalary, a 
term used by chronologists in speaking ot the 
additional months and years, which they insert 
to bring the lunar to the solar year. * Since 
the common lunar year consists of 12 synodic 
months, or 354 days nearly, and the solar 
consists of 365 days (omitting the odd hours 
and minutes), it is plain that the solar year 
will exceed the lunar by about 11 days; 
and consequently in the space of about 33 
years the beginning of the lunar year will be 
carried through all the seasons, and hence 
it is called the moveable lunar year. This 
form of the year is used at this time by the 
Turks and Arabians ; and because in three 
years time, the solar year exceeds the lunar 
by 33 days, therefore, to keep the lunar 
months in the same seasons and times of the 
solar year, or near it, chronologists added a 
whole month to the lunar year every third 
year, and so made it consist of 13 months; 
this year they called the embolismic year, 
and the additional month the embolismic, or 
embolimean, or intercalary month. This 
form of the year is called the fixed lunar 
year, and it was used by the Greeks and Ro- 
mans till the time of Julius Caesar. 
EMBOSSING, or Imbossing, in archi- 
tecture and sculpture, the forming or fashion- 
ing works in relievo, whether cut with a 
chisel or otherwise. Embossing is a kind 
of sculpture, in which the figures stick out 
from the plane; and according as the figures 
are more or less prominent, they are said to 
be in alto, mezzo, or basso relievo ; or high, 
mean, or low relief. 
EMBOTHRUM, a genus of the class and 
order tetrandria monogynia. The corolla is 
four-petalled ; anthers sessile, sitting on the 
tips of the petals; follicle round. There are 
four species, handsome shrubs of New Hol- 
land and South America. 
EMBRASURE. See Architecture. 
Embrasure, in fortification, a hole or 
aperture in a parapet, through which the 
cannon are pointed to fire into the moat or 
field. See Fortification. 
EMBROCATION, in surgery and phar- 
macy, an external kind of remedy, which 
consists in an irrigation of the part affected, 
with some proper liquor, as oils, spirits, &c. 
by means of a woollen or linen cloth, or a 
sponge, dipped in the same. See Surgery. 
EMBROIDERY, a work in gold or silver, 
or silk thread, wrought by the needle upon 
cloth, stuff's, or muslin, into various figures. 
In embroidering stuff’s, the work is perform- 
ed in a kind of loom, because the more the 
piece is stretched, the easier it is worked. 
As to muslin, they spread it upon a pattern 
ready designed ; and sometimes, before it is 
stretched upon the pattern, it is starched, to 
make it more easy to handle. Embroidery 
on the loom is less tedious than the other, in 
which, while they work flowers, all the 
threads of the muslin, both lengthwise and 
breadthwise, must be continually counted; 
but on the other hand this last is much richer 
in points, and susceptible of greater variety. 
Cloths too much milled are scarcely suscep- 
tible of this ornament, and in effect we sel- 
dom see them embroidered. The thinnest 
muslins are the best for this purpose, and they 
are embroidered to the greatest perfection in 
Saxony. Ia other parts of Europe, however. 
E M E 
(l ey embroider very prettily, and especially 
in I 'ranee. 
There are several kinds of embroidery, as, 
1 . Embroidery on the stamp, where the 
figures are raised and rounded, having cotton 
or parchment put under them to support 
them. 2. Low embroidery, where the gold 
and silver lie low upon the sketch, and are 
stitched with silk of the same colour. 
3. Guimped embroidery : this is performed 
either in gold or silver ; they first make a 
sketch upon the cloth, then put on cut vel- 
lum, and afterwards sow on the gold and 
silver with silk-thread. In this kind of em- 
broidery they often put gold and silver cord, 
tinsel, and spangles. 4. Embroidery on 
both sides; that which appears on both sides 
of the stuff’. 5. Plain embroidery; where the 
figures are flat and even, without cords, 
spangles, or other ornaments. 
No foreign embroidery, or gold or silver 
brocade, is permitted to be imported into 
this kingdom on pain of being seized and 
burned, and a penalty of 100/. for each 
piece. No person is allowed to sell any fo- 
reign embroidery, gold or silver thread, lace, 
fringe, or brocade, or make up the same 
into any garment, upon pain of having it 
burned, and*penalty of 100/. 
EMBRY ULCUS. See Midwifery. 
EMERALD, in natural history, a pre- 
cious stone, of a green colour, and next in 
hardness to the ruby. 
This stone has hitherto been found almost 
always crystallized. The primitive form of 
the crystals is a regular six-sided prism ; and 
the form of its particles is a triangular prism, 
whose sides are square, and bases equilateral 
triangles. The most common variety of its 
crystals is the regular six-sided prism, some- 
times with the edges of the prism, or of the 
bases, or the solid angles, or both wanting, 
and small faces in their place. The sides of 
the prism are generally channelled. 
Its texture is foliated. Its fracture con- 
choidal. Causes a double refraction. Hard- 
ness 12. Specific gravity 2.65 to 2.775. Co- 
lour green. Becomes electfic by friction, 
but not by beat. Its powder does not phos- 
phoresce when thrown on a hot iron. At 
150° YVedgewood it melts into an opaque co- 
loured mass. According to Dolomieu, it is 
fusible perse by the blowpipe. 
This mineral was formerly subdivided into 
two distinct species ; the emerald, and beryl 
or aqua marina. Hauy demonstrated, that 
the emerald and beryl correspond exactly ia 
their structure and properties; and Vauque- 
lin found that they were composed of the 
same ingredients: henceforth, therefore, they 
must be considered as varieties of the same 
species. 
The variety called emerald varies in colour 
from the pale to the perfect green. It comes 
chiefly from Peru ; some specimens have 
been brought from Egypt. Dolomieu found 
it in the granite of Elba. When heated to 
120° Wedgewood, it becomes blue, but re- 
covers its colour when cold. A specimen, 
analysed by Vauquelin, was composed of 
64.60 silica ^ 
14.00 alumina 
13.00 glucina , 
3.50 oxide of chromium 
2.56 lime 
2.00 moisture, or other volatile ingredient 
99.66 Bee Beryv,, 
