6 82 
EXPECTATION OF LIFE. 
TABLE I. 
Shewing the Probabilities of the Duration of 
Human Life, deduced from the Register of 
Mortality at Northampton. 
Age. 
Persons | 
living. 
Decrem.l 
of Life. 
A 
Age. 
Persons 
living. 
Decrem. 
of Life, 
0 
11650 
3000 
49 
2936 
79 
1 
8650 
1367 
50 
2857 
81 
2 
7283 
502 
51 
2776 
82 
3 
6781 
3 35 
52 
2694 
82 
4 
6446 
197 
53 
2612 
82 
5 
6249 
184 
54 
2530 
82 
6 
6065 
140 
55 
2448 
82 
7 
5925 
110 
56 
2366 
82 
8 
5815 
80 
57 
2284 
82 
9 
5735 
60 
58 
2202 
82 
10 
5675 
52 
59 
2120 
82 
11 
5623 
50 
60 
2038 
82 
12 
5573 
50 
61' 
1956 
82 
13 
5523 
50 
62 
1874 
81 
14 
5473 
50 
63 
1793 
81 
15 
5423 
50 
64 
1712 
80 
16 
5373 
53 
65 
1632 
80 
17 
5320 
58 
66 
1552 
80 
18 
5262 
63 
67 
1472 
80 
19 
5199 
67 
68 
1392 
80 
20 
5132 
72 
69 
1312 
80 
21 
5060 
75 
70 
1232 
80 
22 
4985 
75 
71 
1152 
80 
23 
4910 
75 
72 
1072 
80 
24 
4835 
75 
73 
992 
80 
25 
4760 
75 
74 
912 
80 
26 
4685 
75 
75 
832 
80 
27 
4610 
75 
76 
752 
77 
28 
4535 
75 
77 
675 
73 
29 
4460 
75 
78 
602 
68 
30 
4385 
75 
! 79 
534 
65 
81 
4310 
75 
! 80 
469 
63 
82 
4235 
75 
! 81 
406 
60 
S3 
4160 
' 75 
82 
346 
57 
34 
4085 
75 
83 
289 
55 
Sd 
4010 
75 
84 
234 
48 
26 
3935 
75 
85 
186 
41 
37 
3860 
75 
86 
145 
34 
58 
3785 
75 
87 
111 
28 
39 
3710 
75 
88 
83 
21 
40 
3635 
76 
89 
62 
16 
41 
8559 
77 
90 
46 
12 
42 
S482 
78 
91 
34 
10 
43 
3404 
78 
92 
24 
8 
44 
3326 
78 
93 
16 
7 
45 
3248 
78 
94 
9 
5 
46 
3170 
78 
95 
4 
3 
47 
3092 
78 
96 
1 
1 
48 
3014 
78 
The probability that a given life shall con- 
tinue any number of years, or reach a given 
age, is the fraction, whose numerator is the 
number of the living in the Table opposite to 
the given age ; and denominator, the number 
opposite to the present age of the given life. 
Thus, the probability that a life of 30 shall at- 
tain to 40, or live 10 years, is The dif. 
ference between this fraction and unity gives 
the probability that the event will not happen ; 
the probability that a life of 30 will not live 10 
years, is therefore -X-, consequent'^ ibe odd's 
of living todying, in thisperiod, are nearly 5to 1. 
The probability that a person of 21 shall attain 
2530 
to 54, appears by the Table to be , or an 
’ 5060 
even chance. 
TABLE II. 
Showing the Expectation of Human Life at 
every Age, according to the Probabilities in 
the preceding Table. 
Age. 
Expec- 
tation. 
Age. 
Expec- 
tation. 
Age. 
Expecta- 
tion. 
0 
25,18 
33 
26,72 
66 
10,42 
1 
32,74 
34 
26,20 
67 
9,96 
2 
37.79 
35 
25,68 
68 
9,50 
3 
39,55 
S6 
25,16 
69 
9,05 
4 
40,58 
37 
24,64 
70 
8,60 
5 
40,84 
38 
24,12 
71 
8,17 
6 
41,07 
39 
23,60 
72 
7.74 
7 
41,03 
40 
23,08 
73 
7,33 
8 
40,79 
41 
22,56 
74 
6,92 
9 
40,36 
42 
22,04 
75 
6,54 
10 
39,78 
43 
21,54 
76 
6,18 
11 
39,14 
44 
21,03 
77 
5,83 
12 
38,49 
45 
20,52 
78 
5,48 
13 
37,83 
46 
20,02 
79 
5,11 
14 
37,17 
47 
19,51 
80 
4,75 
15 
36,51 
48 
19,00 
81 
4,41 
16 
35,85 
49 
18,49 
82 
4,09 
17 
35,20 
50 
17,99 
83 
3,80 
18 
34,58 
51 
17,50 
84 
3,58 
19 
33,99 
52 
17,02 
85 
3,37 
20 
33,43 
53 
16,54 
86 
3,19 
21 
32,90 
54 
16,06 
87 
3,01 
22 
32,39 
.35 
15,58 
88 
2,86 
23 
31,88 
56 
15,10 
89 
2,66 
24 
31,36 
57 
14,63 
90 
*2,41 
25 
30,85 
58 
14,15 
91 
2,09 
26 
.30,33 
59 
13,68 
92 
1,75 
27 
29,82 
60 
13,21 
93 
1,37 
28 
29,30 
61 
12,75 
94 
1,05 
29 
28,79 
62 
12,28 
95 
0,75 
:io 
28,27 
63 
11,81 
96 
0,50 
31 
27,76 
64 
11,35 
32 
27,24 
65 
10,88 
Ages at which 1000 Inhabitants die, in several 
principal Towns and Districts. 
These tables are, for general use, the best that 
have been formed ; but it is well known, that 
the duration of human life is much influenced 
by different situations ; that it is greater in 
mountainous countries than in marshy districts ; 
and that the country in general is much more 
favourable to the continuance of life than large 
towns. In proof of the latter assertion Dr. Price 
has observed, that in London the greater part 
of the natives die under three years of age, while 
in the country the greater part live to marry. 
The observations of Mr. Muret on the state of 
population in the Pays de Vaud, a district of the 
province of Bern in Switzerland, also confirm 
this remark, by shewing that the greater part 
of the inhabitants of that province live many 
years beyond maturity. A comparison of the 
expectations of life will exhibit this difference 
in a striking point of view. 
Holy 
Cross. 
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Swe- 
den. 
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Nor- 
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Berlin. 
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Vienna. 
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Under 10 
10 to 20 
20 to SO 
30 to 40 
40 to 50 
50 to 60 
60 to 70 
70 to 80 
80 and up- 
wards 
roportion of Inhabitants dying annually 
London 
1 in 20j 
Edinburgh 
1 in 20£. 
Dublin 
- 
1 in 22 5 
Stockholm 
- 
1 in 19 
Vienna 
- 
1 in 19£ 
Rome - - - 
- 
1 in 21i 
Amsterdam 
. 
1 in 24 
Norwich 
- 
1 in 24^ 
Northampton 
- 
1 in 265. 
Liverpool 
- 
1 in 27^ 
Manchester - 
. 
1 in 28 
Savannah in Georgia 
Wirtemburgh 
* 
1 in 31_T_ 
1 in 32 1 ° 
Sweden 
- 
1 in 35 
Kingdom of Naples 
- 
1 in 37J 
Parish in Brandcnberg 
- 
1 in 45^ 
Pays de Vaud 
- 
1 in 45 
Philadelphia 
Ackworth in Yorkshire 
Salem in Massachusetts 
1 in 45 
1 in 47 
1 in 47 
Island of Madeira 
- 
1 in 50 
Corfe-castle, Dorset 
1 in 56f 
These comparisons strongly shew the baleful 
influence of great cities in shortening human 
life. The irregular modes of life, the luxuries, 
debaucheries, and pernicious customs, which 
prevail much more in towns than in the coun- 
try ; and the foulness of the air, which is ren- 
dered in a great degree unfit for respiration ; are 
undoubtedly the causes which produce this fatal 
effect. 
EXPECTORANTS. See Pharmacy. 
EXPEC’TOKATION ; tlieact of evacuating 
