822 
G A 
G A II 
g a n 
is a long tar kl e-block, in which the fall is 
reeved, that so by it any goods or cades may 
be hauled and hoisted into or out of the ship. 
When this garnet is not used, it is fastened 
along the stay. 
GARNISH, in law-books, signifies to 
warn; in v. Il'ich sen e, to garnish the heir, is 
mentioned in stat. 27 Eli/, c. 3. 
GARNISHEE, is used for the third per- 
son or parly in whose hands money is attach- 
ed w '.thin tne liberties of the city of London, 
in the sheriffs court there ; and he is so 
called, because he has had garnishment or 
warning not to pay the money, but to ap- 
pear and answer to the plaintiff creditor’s 
suit. 
GARNISHMENT , is a warning given to 
a person for his appearance, for the better 
furnishing of the cause and court; as where 
a person is sued for detaining charters or 
other writings delivered him by the plaintiff, 
and another person, upon some certain con- 
ditions ; and therefore he prays that the other 
person may be warned to 'plead with the 
plaintiif, whether the conditions are or are 
not performed, which is the praying of gar- 
fii hment; and interpreted to 'be "either a 
warning of that other, or a furnishing the 
court with parties sullicient to determine the 
cause. 
GARRISON, in the art of war, a body of 
forces disposed in a fortress, to defend it 
against the enemy, or to keep the inhabitants 
in subjection, or even to be subsisted during 
the winter season : hence, garrison and win- 
ter quarters are sometimes used indifferently, 
for the same thing, and sometimes they de- 
note different things. In the Liter case, a 
garrison is a place where'n forces are main- 
tained to secure it; and where they keep 
regular guard, as a frontier town, a citadel, 
castle, tower, &e. The garrison should al- 
ways be stronger than the townsmen. Gar- 
rison or winter-quarters signify a place where a 
number of forces are laid up in the winter 
season, without keeping the regular guard. 
Garrison Guns, such as are mounted 
and used in a garrison, consisting of the fol- 
lowing weights, viz. the 42, 32, 24, 18, 12, 9, 
and 6 pounders; being made either of brass 
or iron. 
TABLE 
Of the IVetght and Dimensions of Garrison Guns. 
Brass Garrison Guns. 
Iron Garrison Guns. 
Shot 'Length 
Weight. 
i 
Sot 
Length 
Weight. 
lb. ( ft in. 
4 -2 ' 10 0 
Cvv. qr.lb 
64 0 0 
lb. 
.‘32 
ft. in. 
9 8 
Cw. qr*lb. 
56 0 0 
32 1 5 2 
49 2 18 
24 
9 8 
48 0 0 
24 : 8 4 
37 0 0 
i 18 
1 
9 0 
36 0 0 
18 j 7 6 
27 3 0 
I 
12 
7 8 
24 0 0 
12 j 6 7 
18 2 0 
9 
7 0 
18 0 0 
f) j 6 0 
13 3 0 
6 
6 1 
12 0 0 
6 j 5 3 
1 
9 1 0 
4 
5 4 
8 0 0 
GARTER, order of the, a military order 
of knighthood, the most noble and antient 
of any fay-order in the world, instituted by 
king Edward Ilf. This order consists of 
twenty-six kniglits-companions, generally 
princes and peers, whereof the king of Eng- 
land is the sovereign or chief. 'I hey area 
college or corporation, having a great and 
little seal. Tueir officers are a prelate, chan- 
cellor, register, king at arms, and usher of 
the black rod. '1 hey have also a dean with 
twelve canons and petty canons, vergers, 
and twenty-six pensioners, or poor knights. 
I he preLte is the head. T his office is vest- 
ed in the bishop of Winchester, and has ever 
been so. Next to the prelate is the chan- 
cellor, which office is vested in the biihop of 
Salisbury, who keeps the seals, &c. The 
next is the register, who by his oath is to 
enter upon the registry, the scrutinies, elec- 
tions, penalties, and other acts of the order, 
with all fidelity. The fourth officer is garter, 
and king at arms, being two distinct offices 
united in one person. Garter carries the rod 
and sceptre at the feast of St. George, the 
protector of this order, when the sovereign is 
present. Ife notifies the elections of new 
knights, attends the solemnity of their instal- 
lations, carries the garter to the foreign prin- 
ces, &c. Ife is the principal officer within 
the college of arms, and chief of the heralds. 
AH these officers, except the prelate, have 
fees and pensions. The college of the order 
is seated in the castle of W indsor, with the 
chapel ot St. George, and the chapter-house, 
erected by the founder for that purpose. 
'1 he habit and ensign of the order are a gar- 
ter, mantle, cap, george, and collar. The 
first four were assigned the kniglits-compa- 
nions by the founder; and the george and 
collar by Henry YHT. The garter chal- 
lenges pre-eminence over all the"othcr parts 
of the dress, for from it the noble order 
is denominated; and it is the first part of the 
habit presented to foreign princes, and absent 
knights, who, and all other knights elect, 
are therewith first adorned ; and it is of so 
great honour and grandeur, that by the bare 
investitute with this noble ensign, tile knights 
are esteemed companions of the greatest 
military order in the world. It is worn on 
Ihe left leg between the knee and calf, and is 
enamelled with this motto, honi snit qui mat 
i/ parse, i. c. “ shame to him that evil thinks 
h'Teof. ’ r J lie meaning of which is, that 
king Edward who laid claim to the kingdom of 
1’ ranee, retorted shame and defiance upon 
him that should dare to think amiss of the 
just enterprize he bad undertaken, for re- 
covering his lawful right to that crown, and 
that the bravery of those knights whom he 
had elected into this order, was such as would 
enable him to maintain the quarrel against 
those that thought ill of it. 
I he mantle is the chief of those vestments 
made use or upon all solemn occasions. The 
colour of the mantle is by the statutes ap- 
pointed to be blue. The length of the train 
of the mantle only distinguishes the sovereign 
from the knights-companions. To the col- 
lar of the mantle is fixed a pair of lon«- 
strings, antiently woven with blue silk onhq 
but now t\\ isted’ round, and made of Venice 
gold and silk, of the colour of the robe, with 
knobs, or buttons, and tassels at the end. 
I he left shoulder of the mantle has from the 
institution been adorned with a large garter, 
with the device honi soit, ike. within this is 
the cross of the order, which was ordained to 
be worn at all times by king Charles I, At 
length the star 'was introduced, being a sort 
ot cross irradiated with beams of silver. 
I he collar is appointed to be composed of 
pieces of gold in fashion of garters, the ground 
enamelled blue, and the motto gold. The 
manner ot ejecting a knight-companion into 
this most noble order, and the ceremonies of 
investiture, are as follow. When the sove- 
reign designs to elect a companion of the gar- 
ter, the chancellor 1 belonging to this order draws 
up the letters, which passing both under the 
sovereign’s sign manual and signet of the 
order, are sent to the person by garter evin- 
cipa! king at arms, and are in this manner, or 
to the same effect: “ We with the com- 
panions of our most noble order of the gar- 
ter, assembled in chapter, holder* this present 
day at our castle at Windsor, considering the 
virtuous fidelity you have shewn, and the 
honorable exploits you ha’ e done in our ser- 
vice, by vindicatingand maintaining our right, 
Ac. have elected and chosen volume of the 
companions of our order. Therefore we require 
you to make your speedy repair unto uq 
to receive the ensigns thereof, and lie ready 
tor your installation upon the — day of tins 
present month, &c.” 
The garter, which is of blue velvet border- 
ed with (me gold wire, having commonly the 
letters of the motto of the same, is, at the 
time of election, buckled upon the left le<q 
by two of the senior companions, who re- 
ceive it from the sovereign, to whom it was 
pre-ented upon a velvet cushion by garter 
king at arms, \\ it h the usual reverence, whilst 
the chancellor reads the following admoni- 
tion, enjoined by the statutes : “ '1’ 0 Ihe ho- 
nour of God omnipotent, and in memorial 
of the blessed martyr St. George, tie about 
thy leg, for thy renown, this noble garter ; 
wear it as the symbol of (he most illuslriotis 
order, never to be forgotten or laid aside ; 
that thereby thou mayest be admonished to 
be courageous, and having undertaken a just 
war in which thou shalt be engaged, thou 
mayest stand firm valiantly light, and suc- 
cessively conquer.” 
The princely garter being thus buckled on, 
anil the words of its signification pronounced 
the knight elect is brought before the sove- 
reign, who puts about his neck, kneeling, a 
sk v -c oloui eci libbran, to which is appendant 
wrought in gold within the garter, the image 
ot St. George on horseback, with his sword 
drawn, encountering with the dragon. In 
tlie mean time, the chancellor reads the fol- 
lowing admonition : “ Wear this ribbon about 
thy neck, adorned with the image of the 
blessed martyr and soldier of Christ, St. 
George, by whose imitation provoked/thoji 
mayest so overpass both prosperous and ad- 
verse adventures, that having stoutly van- 
quished thy enemies both of body and soul, 
thou mayest not only receive life praise of 
this transient combat, but be crowned with 
the palm of eternal victorv.” 
Then the knight elected kisses tlie sove- 
reign’s hand, thanks his majesty for the great 
honour done him, rises up, and salutes all 
the companions severally, who return their 
congratulations. 
Since the institution of this order, there 
have been eight emperors, and twenty- 
eight kings, besides numerous sovereign 
princes, enrolled as companions. Its oriwn 
is somewhat differently related: the eoi»- 
mon account is, that it was erected in by- 
