FASCICULI MALA TENSES 
XXV 
Jujul. A large Malay fishing village on the east bank of the Patani River 
at its mouth. We obtained some specimens of fishing apparatus there. 
Kampong Uban Eras. A Malay village, some eighteen miles above Patani, 
where one of us collected some zoological specimens. 
Jalor 
The state of Jalor has an area about three times greater than that of 
Patani, from the northern third of which it is separated by the Patani River. 
The Patani River also separates it to the east from Rhaman, which bends 
round to the south so as to march with it on this border too ; it marches with 
Tibaw to the west, and with Nawngchik to the north. The revenue of the state, 
owing largely to the amount of opium consumed in it, is larger than that of 
any other of the Seven Provinces, or, as the Malays call them, the ‘ Seven 
Fruit of Countries ’ ( Tujoh Buah Neg'ri ). The northern half is rather thickly 
populated, partly by Malays and partly by Siamese ; that is to say, by 
Mahommedans and by Buddhists, for we can find very little difference, except 
that of religion, between the two peoples in Jalor. South of Petai there is 
much primaeval jungle, and the tin mines, which are the largest in the 
Division, occupy only a small area, being, compared to those of South Perak, 
small and unproductive. A considerable proportion of our time was spent in 
Jalor, and we made two journeys through the southern half of the state to the 
Rhaman border or its vicinity. 
Biserat. Biserat, which is known to the Siamese as Ta Sap, has been 
the Siamese headquarters in Jalor for some years, and the Malay Raja, whose 
residence is at Kampong Jalor, some miles away from the river, has lately 
been persuaded to take up his abode in a house on the outskirts of the 
village. The population is considerable, consisting almost entirely of Siamese 
officials and their families and of Chinamen and Chinese half-castes engaged 
in river transport or petty trade. At the time of our visits all the houses 
were of a flimsy nature, being built chiefly of bamboo and palm-thatch ; the 
largest was the old government offices, one wing of which was assigned to us 
by the Commissioner, as they were being replaced by more substantial timber 
buildings : among these a telephone station in direct communication with 
Senggora, Patani, and Kota Bharu (the chief place in Rhaman), which is also 
connected with Biserat by a good track. 
The country round Biserat consists of a large and fertile plain, most of 
which is in use as rice-field or orchard, and the only jungle that remains in 
the district is that on two limestone hills, called Bukit Tapang and Bukit 
Bayu, which rise abruptly from the midst of swamps behind the village. Their 
5/12/oj 
