NATURAL HISTORY AND PHYSIOGRAPHY OF NEW BRUNSWICK. 461 
55. — On the Physiography of the Tuadook (Little Southwest 
Miramichi) Lake Region. 
CRead December 3, 1901.') 
Near the head of the West Branch of the Little Southwest 
Miramichi River lies a group of attractive lakes, still in a state of 
well-nigh primeval wilderness, extremely difficult of access, hitherto 
nnsurveyed and unstudied by the physiographer. In August last I 
spent eight days there in company with Mr. Furbish, and, favored by 
good weather, we surveyed them and made such other observations as 
follow. 
History. — The first appearance of these lakes in any record is 
upon the remarkable Franquelin-DeMeulles map of 1686, where, 
though but a single lake is shown, it is unquestionably the Big Lake 
of this group.* * * § They do not re-appear until they were visited by 
Hind in 1864.f In his well-known report,! he gives an account of 
his portage from Long I.ake to Big Lake, which he briefly describes. 
He made no map, however, and the first map after that of Franquelin , 
was made by Edward Jack, who visited the lakes in connection with 
explorations of timber-lands in 1873. Jack’s map was, however, not 
based upon a survey, but was a simple sketch, and it formed the 
foundation of the first published map of the lakes, that on the “Map of 
the Principal Timber Lands of New Brunswick,” 1875. A short note 
by Mr. Jack upon the geology and mineralogy of the region was pub- 
lished in the report of the Geological Survey for 1870-71, page 251. 
The lakes and river were visited by Ells in 1879 or 1880, though the 
references to the lakes in his report are very scanty.§ Aside from the 
very hasty visits of Hind and of Ells, no geologist had been in this 
section. In 1884 Mr. R. H. Lyle, a deputy surveyor, ran certain 
timber lines through the region, two or three of which crossed these 
lakes. From these lines the lakes were sketched by Lyle, forming the 
* This map is mentioned in earlier notes, 29 and 39 ; it is reproduced for the first time 
from the original MSS. in Trans. Royal Society of Canada, new series. III, section ii, 364. 
tThey should have re-appeared in 1838, for in March of that year Deputy Surveyor 
Berton was sent to survey the Little Southwest from its head. He missed the West Branch 
altogether, and began his survey at the head of the Big Deadwater, at the point marked on 
the accompanying map. This explains the appearance of the river and absence of the 
lakes on Wilkinson’s map of 1859, and others. 
$ Preliminary Report on the Geology of New Brunswick, Fredericton, 1805, 152. 
§ Report of the Geological Survey, 1879-80, D. 
