NATURAL HISTORY AND PHYSIOGRAPHY OF NEW BRUNSWICK. 465 
The Tuadook lakes by no means lie, as our printed maps imply, at 
the head of this branch of the Little Southwest. Flowing into Big 
Lake is a large stream of constant volume, large enough to be navigable 
for canoes at low water were it not for its excessive roughness. This 
flows from the Crooked Dead water five miles to the westward, where 
it receives several branches of considerable size heading in lakes. I 
hope later to present a fair map of this region, but my own observation 
of it in a single hurried visit was insufficient to give me any knowledge 
of it. It lies some 175 feet above Big liake in the same deep valley, 
which here has cut down deeply below the great central peneplain. 
The curious directions and the close approximation of the streams 
about the Crooked Dead water suggest some remarkable physiographic 
relationships for investigation by the future student. A mile above 
Big Lake this stream becomes a dead water winding amid bog, and is 
■ on the same level with Pocket Lake. Evidently Pocket Lake and 
this dead water are the remnants of a much larger lake which once 
filled this basin. Pocket Lake is mostly but a foot or two deep, with 
a bottom of the whitish mud, though it is deeper in its southeast 
corner. The stream from it to Big Lake falls several feet over boulders, 
evidently a moraine between the two lakes. The water pouring out 
of this stream is markedly colder than that of the Big Lake, which is 
easily explained by the great shallowness of the latter. 
Big Lake is sufficiently described as to its shape and size by the 
accompanying map (Map No. 5). Its immediate shores are nearl}^ 
everywhere low, it is very shallow and is rapidly filling up with 
organic mud and by the growth of bog in places from its shores. 
Like Pocket and Jacks Lakes, it is deepest on its south-eastern side. 
It is permanently held nearly two feet above its natural level by the 
lumber dam built a few years ago, and the further raising of the water 
when the gates are closed has destroyed all the trees around its margin, 
making the shores most unsightly. The lake abounds in islands of all 
■sizes, from single isolated boulders up to one nearly half a mile in 
length, but in every case they are composed of boulders, to which, in 
some cases, is added considerable bog. It is the presence of this bog 
which appears to make the long axes of the larger islands lie at right 
angles to those of the smaller. In fact, however, the long axes of the 
rocky parts of all of the islands is in the same general direction, 
namely, north-east and south-west, showing that they are really parts 
