470 HULLETIN OF THE NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. 
The scenery of Milnagek is beautiful. On the east, south and 
west the hills rise 200 to 300 feet near the lake, and are densely 
wooded with a fine, mixed forest, above which towers often the stately 
pine. The lake is studded with islands, all heavily forested, and 
between them and into the coves are many most charming vistas. The 
immediate shores are the more pleasing in that the forest comes 
to the very water, and the unsightly bog is wanting. 
The physiographic origin of the lake basin is quite plain. The 
apparent ridges, nearly surrounding it, are really the sides of a valley 
cut from 200 to 300 feet below a great rolling plateau, a part of that 
great central peneplain of the province which has been described in an 
earlier note (No. 49.)* Southward towards its head the valley rises, 
and Cabots Lake, the very head of this branch of Tobique, lies about 
150 to 200 feet below the plateau beyond it. Squaw Lake, on the 
other hand, lies upon the very surface of the plateau in one of its less 
elevated parts, and is one of the innumerable small and very shallow 
lakes which dot the surface of that peneplain. The valley where 
Milnagek lies was no doubt once much deeper, for it is evidently 
bottomed with glacial drift, which forms the most of the points and 
all of the islands. It is such drift which plainly dams back the lake, 
though the dam which does it is only a few feet above the water ; 
that is sufficient, however, to turn the outlet from its natural and pre- 
Glacial course into the eastern branch of Trowsers Lake, and send it by 
a post-Glacial torrent-channel into Long Lake over a series of beautiful 
cascades. My supposition of last year (Note 39), that the Milnagek 
valley is morphologically the continuation of that of the eastern branch 
(the “left-hand leg”*of the lumbermen) is fully confirmed by the 
observation of this year. After the outlet turns into Long Lake, this 
valley slopes away rapidly to Trowsers Lake, and indeed is occupied 
by a small stream for most of its length. 
The islands and points of Milnagek are composed of granite 
boulders, somewhat angular, as a rule, and hence from no great dis- 
tance. The long axis of both points and islands, as the map shows, 
is nearly northwest and southeast, suggesting an origin as lateral 
moraines of a glacier pushing up the valley. In two places shown 
upon the map there appears to be bed granite in place ; in the most 
easterly locality it encloses masses of stratified rock, confirming the 
* Rumsey’s Hill is a fine example of a monadnock rising 150 to 200 feet above it. 
