1915] 
Cahn: Ecology of Wingra Springs Region 
155 
Marila valisineria (Wilson). Canvas-back. 
Common in zones one and two, and occasionally entering 
zone three. Food approximately the same as in the preceding 
species. 
Marila marila (Linnaeus). Scaup Duck. 
Quite common, usually in flocks with the next species. Is 
often found confined to zone one, sometimes entering zone two, 
but rarely approaching the shore more closely. 
Marila affinis (Eyton). Lesser Scaup. 
Abundant in zones one and two. Both bluebills are good 
divers, and have no difficulty in feeding in the deeper water. 
Clangula clangula americana Bonaparte. Golden-eye. 
Being excellent divers, these birds seldom have occasion to 
approach shore closely, and are therefore strictly a zone one 
species. Food consists mainly of plant material with about 15% 
of gravel, and 10% animal matter. 
Charitonetta albeola (Linnaeus). Bufflehead. 
Of the widest distribution of the ducks found on Wingra. 
May be found in any of the zones from one to four, and seems 
to be about equally at home in any. Is an excellent diver, 
which makes zones one and two congenial to it, but food is more 
abundant in the shallower zones, and the bird seems little wor- 
ried by the possible dangers of the shore. 
Erismatura jamaicensis (Gmelin). Ruddy Duck. 
Found only in zones one and two. The species differs from 
the other “deep water” ducks in that it may approach shore 
closely. An excellent diver. 
Branta canadensis canadensis (Linnaeus). Canada Goose. 
The only member of the subfamily Anserinae found. Being 
very wild, the species confines itself most closely to zone 
one. 
Order HERODIONES 
Botaurus lentiginosus (Montigu). Bittern. 
Found most commonly in zone five, where the species nests. 
Food consists largely of frogs ( Rana pipiens and Acris), in search 
of which it often enters zone four. Limited both by its habits 
and physical characteristics to zone mentioned. 
