ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 
49 
Structure of Trigoniaceae and Chailletiaceae.* — An examination of 
a number of species belonging to these two small orders of Thalamitlorae 
leads M. F. Barth to the conclusion that they are nearly related to one 
another, and that the Trigoniaceae should be separated from the Vochy- 
siaceae. The epiphyllous inflorescence of certain Chailletiaceae results 
from the fact that a bud-bundle, instead of detaching itself from the 
foliar bundle in the stem, is drawn up to a certain height along with the 
latter. 
“ (rommose bacillaire ” of the Vine.f — In opposition to the view of 
Prillieux and others, Herr E. Rathay maintains that this disease is not 
due directly to the attacks of a bacillus The gum is formed in the 
ordinary way for the protection of a part injured by a wound or by un- 
favourable vital conditions. 
(4) Structure of Organs. 
Importance of Anatomical Characters in Classification.! — M. P. 
Parmenticr insists on the importance of using characters derived from 
the internal anatomy, as well as morphological characters, for determining 
both the bounds of critical species, and the position of difficult genera. 
A number of illustrations of both kinds are given. It is shown that, on 
anatomical grounds, Trctpci must be placed among the Ilalorageae and not 
among the (Enotliereae, and that the Eupeteleae have no genetic con- 
nection with the Magnoliaceae. The most important anatomical characters 
are ; in the leaf : — the general presence or absence of crystals, especially 
in the epiderra ; the pattern of the cell-walls of the cuticle ; a single or 
multiple epiderm ; the presence or absence of hypodcrm ; the centric, 
sub-centric, or bifacial structure of the mesophyll ; the presence or 
absence of vesicular reservoirs, of fibres running through the mesophyll, 
and of sclerified cells ; and the mode of increase and localisation of the 
latter. In the stem : — the general plan of the vascular bundles ; the 
presence or absence of periderm, of mechanical fibres, of sclerified cells, 
and of crystals, and the localisation of these various elements ; the form 
and orientation of the cells of the conjunctive parenchyme, &c. 
Flower of Canna.§ — Prof. L. H. Bailey calls attention to the pre- 
vailing want of symmetry in the Scitamineae. The reduction in the 
number of stamens is carried to excess in the Zingibereae, where there is 
only one, and still more in the Canneae, where the stamen is represented 
by what is apparently a single loculus, the other loculus being developed 
into a foliaceous organ, and the remaining five stamens into petaloid 
staminodes. 
Stigma and Pollen of Ariseema.|j — Mr. W. W. Rowlee describes 
the structure of the stigma and pollen in Arissema triphyllum and A. 
Dracunculus (Araceae) ; the principal peculiarity being that the stigmatic 
papillae are continued down the inner surface of the open stigmatic tube, 
* Bull. Herb. Boissier, iii. (1896) pp. 481-520 (33 figs.). 
f JB. K. K. Oenol. u. Poinol. Lehranslalt Klosterneuburg, 1896. See Bot. Ceil- 
tralbl., Ixviii. (1896) p. 54. Cf. this Journal, 1896, p. 100. 
X Ann. Sci. Nat. (Bot.), ii. (1896) pp. 1-36. 
§ Lot. Gazette, xxii. (1896) pp. 222-3. 
j| Bull. Torrev Bot. Club, xxiii. (1896) pp. 369-70 (2 pis.). 
1897 
E 
