298 
SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 
also describes some new species from Ternate: — Antipathes delicatula t 
A. ternatensis , Aphanipathes thamnoides , Aph. spinulosa, and Paranti- 
pathes simplex. 
New Alcyonaria.* — Herr A. Schenk describes the new Clavulariidae, 
Xeniidse, and Alcyoniidae in Prof. Kiikentkal’s Ternate collection. This 
included three new species of Glavularia , eight of Xenia, and five of 
Sarcophytum. 
Prof. Kiikenthal j deals with the Neplithyidae and Siphonogorgiidae, 
both very rich in new species. He describes five new species of Nephtliya, 
nine of Spongodes, and Ammothea carnosa sp. n. The new genus Para - 
spongodes is established, resembling Spongodes, but without supporting 
bundles in the polypes. Two new species of Siphonogorgia are described. 
There are numerous taxonomic conclusions throughout the memoir, 
which ends with a discussion of the affinities of Nephtkyidae and Siphono- 
gorgiidae. 
Grorgonacea of Ternate. j — Dr. N. K. Germanos begins with a survey 
of the genus Solenocaulon. He finds it necessary to establish two sub- 
genera — Sclerosolenocaulon (with a solid stem) for S. tuberosa Gentli, 
S. sterroiklonium sp. n., 8. diplokalyx sp. n., and Malacosolenocaulon (with- 
out a solid stem), for S. tortuosum Gray, S. akahyx sp. n., and S. grayi 
Studer. Among Holaxonia, in the family Muriceidae, Ecliinomuricea 
coronalis, Acamptogorgia fruticosa , and Ac. acanthostoma, are described 
as new species, and Astromuricea (with two species) as a new genus. 
Actiniaria of Ternate.§ — Herr C. P. Kwietniewski reports upon this 
part of Prof. Kukenthal’s collection. The shore-fauna of Ternate is re- 
markably poor in Actiniae, both as regards individuals and species, which 
may possibly be associated with the great abundance of other Actinozoa. 
Small though the collection was, its diversity was striking. Of the four 
forms, Pliellia ternatana sp. n. belongs to the Sagartiidae, Padianthm 
Kuekenthali g. et sp. n. to the Discosomidae (Stichodactylinae), Thalassi - 
anthus senckenbergianus sp. n. to a special tribe (Thalassianthae), and 
Parazoanthus dichroicus Haddon and Shackleton to the tribe of Zoantheae. 
Craspedota.|| — Herr A. Ostrooumoff describes the Ccelentera of the 
‘Atmanai’ expedition, including Thaumantias mseotica sp. n. (Thau- 
mantidae, Leptomedusae), and Mseotias inexpectata g. et sp. n. (Petasidae, 
Trachomedusae). 
Hydroids of Ternate. IT — Dr. B. v. Campenliausen begins his report 
with a general discussion of the basis of classification, which is so shift- 
ing and unsatisfactory as regards Hydroids. Among the peculiarities of 
the Ternate Hydroids may be noted the remarkable tendril-like struc- 
tures which occur in many different types — AglaopJienia macgillivrayii 
Busk, Pasythea Jiexodon Busk, Syntheciim campylocarpum Alim., Calypto - 
thujaria Clarkii Markt., C. opposita sp. n., and Caminothujaria moluccana 
g. et sp. n. They serve, like the aerial roots of plants, for fixing the 
colony more securely, and like stolons for asexual multiplication. 
* Abh. Senckenberg. Nat. Gesellsch., xxiii. (1896) pp. 41-80 (3 pis.). 
f Tom. cit., pp. 81-144 (4 pis.). % Tom - cit *> PP- 145-87 (4 pis.). 
§ Tom. cit., pp. 321-45 (2 pis.). 
11 Bull. Acad. Imp. St. Petersbourg, iv. (1896) pp. 389-408 (1 pi.). 
^ Abb. Senckenberg. Nat. Gesellsch., xxiii. (1897) pp. 297-318 (1 pi.). 
